Rapid host-parasite coevolution drives the production and maintenance of diversity in digital organisms
Rapid host-parasite coevolution drives the production and maintenance of diversity in digital organisms
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快速的宿主-寄生虫共同进化推动了数字生物体多样性的产生和维持
DOI：
10.1145/2001576.2001607
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Charles Ofria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luis Zaman;Suhas Devangam;Charles Ofria
越来越多的证据表明进化论和生态学可以在相似的时间尺度上发生。宿主和寄生虫之间的共同进化是生态和进化动力学相互作用的一个实际例子。理论上和实验上拮抗相互作用增加了宿主多样性，但新变异对多样性的贡献尚不清楚。在实验室或自然环境中，禁止群落中的新突变同时仍允许现有生物体的频率发生变化是不可行的。我们转向数字生物来研究快速进化对存在和不存在新变异的宿主-寄生虫群落多样性的影响。我们消除了共同进化的数字宿主-寄生虫群落的变异源，并让它们达到平衡。我们发现，在没有新变异的情况下，共同进化的宿主-寄生虫群落出人意料地稳定。然而，处于平衡状态的群落的多样性低于那些继续经历突变的群落。无论哪种情况，与寄生虫共同进化的宿主都比单独进化的宿主更加多样化。利用计算机进化的优势，我们表明，新的变异比新突变预期的微不足道的增加进一步增加了寄生虫群落中的宿主多样性。
Accumulating evidence suggests evolution and ecology can happen on similar time scales. Coevolution between hosts and parasites is a practical example of interacting ecological and evolutionary dynamics. Antagonistic interactions theoretically and experimentally increase host diversity, but the contribution of novel variation to diversity is not well understood. In laboratory or natural settings it is infeasible to prohibit novel mutations in communities while still allowing frequencies of extant organisms to change. We turn to digital organisms to investigate the effects of rapid evolution on host-parasite community diversity in the presence and absence of novel variation. We remove the source of variation in coevolved digital host-parasite communities and allow them to reach an equilibrium. We find that coevolved host-parasite communities are surprisingly stable in the absence of new variation. However, the communities at equilibrium are less diverse than those that continued to experience mutations. In either case, hosts coevolving with parasites are significantly more diverse than hosts evolving alone. Harnessing an advantage of in silico evolution, we show that novel variation increases host diversity in communities with parasites further than the trivial increase expected from new mutations.