Trapping, Restraining, and Marking Arctic Ground Squirrels for Behavioral Observations
Trapping, Restraining, and Marking Arctic Ground Squirrels for Behavioral Observations
复制标题
捕获、限制和标记北极地松鼠以进行行为观察
DOI：
10.2307/3798540
复制
发表时间：
1965
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Frank A. Iwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Melchior;Frank A. Iwen
对阿拉斯加西北部地区的北极地松鼠（Citellus undulatus）的诱捕、限制和标记方法进行了比较和评价。捕获使用大型和小型活陷阱交替放置在一个30米的网格系统的交叉点的比较显示，在大型陷阱的捕获成年人和青少年之间的显着差异，在大型和小型陷阱的捕获之间的青少年。在大型和小型陷阱中捕获成年人的成功率相同，在小型陷阱中捕获成年人和少年。然而，观察表明，幼鱼的体重往往太轻，无法绊倒大型陷阱的机制。根据每次捕获的捕获天数，选择性位点捕获的效率是网格捕获的两到三倍。陷阱网站与新鲜暴露的土壤访问更快，更经常地松鼠比未受干扰的网站。一个由尼龙降落伞绳制成的用于约束地松鼠的环结吊索使一个人能够准确地处理和标记松鼠。描述了一种用于脚趾截肢的编号系统，其提供899个编号，限制为每只脚切除不超过一个脚趾。Nyanzol A和D毛皮染料被认为是最好的几个尝试。我们的颜色标记程序允许在现场识别动物的高度准确性。对动物个体的识别，通常是通过人工标记来实现的，是准确观察行为的先决条件。这里描述的方法是为了标记大量的北极地松鼠在阿拉斯加西北部的实地研究期间，1962年至1964年。虽然这些方法只使用了671只适用于一个人口水平，不能用来比较从不同地区或不同年份的不同人口获得的数据。如果有必要进行冬季调查作为繁殖种群的估计，最好在夜间进行调查（Lord 1959：459）。然而，如果这样做，风将需要被视为一个因素。
Methods of trapping, restraining, and marking Arctic ground squirrels (Citellus undulatus) in northwestern Alaska are compared and evaluated. Comparison of captures using large and small live traps placed alternately at the intersections of a 30-meter grid system revealed a significant difference between catches of adults and juveniles in large traps and between catches of juveniles in large and small traps. Adults were captured with equal success in both large and small traps as were adults and juveniles in small traps. Observations indicated, however, that juveniles were often too light in weight to trip the mechanism of the larger traps. Based on trap-days per capture, selective site trapping was two to three times as efficient as grid trapping. Trap sites with freshly exposed soil were visited more quickly and more often by ground squirrels than were undisturbed sites. A girth hitch sling fashioned from nylon parachute cord used for restraining the ground squirrels enables one person to handle and mark squirrels with accuracy. A numbering system for toe amputation is described which provides 899 numbers with the limitation of removing no more than one toe per foot. Nyanzol A and D fur dyes were judged the best of several tried. Our color-marking procedure permitted a high degree of accuracy in field identification of animals. Recognition of an individual animal, usually achieved by artificial markings, is prerequisite to accurate behavioral observation. The methods described here were developed to mark large numbers of Arctic ground squirrels for a field study in northwestern Alaska during the period 1962-64. Although these methods were used only 671 applied only to one population level and could not be used to compare data obtained from varying populations from different areas or different years. If it were necessary to conduct winter surveys as estimates of breeding populations, it might be better to conduct the surveys at night (Lord 1959:459). If this were done, however, wind would need to be considered a factor.