AIRE-PHD fingers are structural hubs to maintain the integrity of chromatin-associated interactome.

AIRE-PHD fingers are structural hubs to maintain the integrity of chromatin-associated interactome.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gks933
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发表时间:
2012-12
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Musco G
Musco G
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gaetani M;Matafora V;Saare M;Spiliotopoulos D;Mollica L;Quilici G;Chignola F;Mannella V;Zucchelli C;Peterson P;Bachi A;Musco G

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自身免疫调节因子(AIRE)基因突变导致自身免疫性多内分泌病、念珠菌病、外胚层营养不良。AIRE在胸腺髓质上皮细胞中表达,在那里它促进外周组织抗原的表达以介导缺失耐受,从而防止自身反应。AIRE含有两个植物同源结构域(PHDs),它们是病理性突变的位点。AIRE-PHD指对于AIRE转录活性是重要的,并且可能在染色质水平上的多聚体蛋白质复合物的形成中起关键作用,所述多聚体蛋白质复合物最终控制免疫耐受。作为理解正常和病理条件下AIRE-PHD指的一步,我们研究了它们的结构,并使用蛋白质组学SILAC方法来评估靶向AIRE-PHD指的患者突变的影响。重要的是,两个AIRE-PHD指是结构上独立的并且相互不相互作用的结构域。与AIRE-PHD 1上的D297 A和V301 M相反,AIRE-PHD 2上的C446 G突变破坏了结构折叠,从而导致AIRE异常定位和AIRE靶基因活化的降低。此外,靶向AIRE-PHD 1的突变在染色质水平影响多聚体蛋白复合物的形成。总的来说,我们的研究结果揭示了AIRE-PHD结构域在与染色质相关的核伙伴和基因调控相互作用中的重要性,证实了PHD指作为多个结合事件的通用蛋白质相互作用中心的作用。
Mutations in autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene cause autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy. AIRE is expressed in thymic medullary epithelial cells, where it promotes the expression of peripheral-tissue antigens to mediate deletional tolerance, thereby preventing self-reactivity. AIRE contains two plant homeodomains (PHDs) which are sites of pathological mutations. AIRE-PHD fingers are important for AIRE transcriptional activity and presumably play a crucial role in the formation of multimeric protein complexes at chromatin level which ultimately control immunological tolerance. As a step forward the understanding of AIRE-PHD fingers in normal and pathological conditions, we investigated their structure and used a proteomic SILAC approach to assess the impact of patient mutations targeting AIRE-PHD fingers. Importantly, both AIRE-PHD fingers are structurally independent and mutually non-interacting domains. In contrast to D297A and V301M on AIRE-PHD1, the C446G mutation on AIRE-PHD2 destroys the structural fold, thus causing aberrant AIRE localization and reduction of AIRE target genes activation. Moreover, mutations targeting AIRE-PHD1 affect the formation of a multimeric protein complex at chromatin level. Overall our results reveal the importance of AIRE-PHD domains in the interaction with chromatin-associated nuclear partners and gene regulation confirming the role of PHD fingers as versatile protein interaction hubs for multiple binding events.
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