Organization of the Sleep-Related Neural Systems in the Brain of the Minke Whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata)
Organization of the Sleep-Related Neural Systems in the Brain of the Minke Whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata)
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.23931
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Manger, Paul R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dell, Leigh-Anne;Karlsson, Karl A. E.;Manger, Paul R.
此次研究分析了神秘鲸类小须鲸的基底前脑、间脑、中脑、脑桥等与睡眠和觉醒的控制和调节有关的神经系统的核组织。虽然齿鲸类的睡眠方式不寻常，有单半球慢波睡眠（USWS）和抑制的快速眼动睡眠，但尚不清楚神秘鲸是否表现出类似的睡眠模式。之前，我们详细描述了齿鲨大脑中一系列似乎与齿鲨型睡眠有关的特征，在这里，我们对小须鲸大脑中的这些特征进行了分析。在双脑睡眠哺乳动物和海豚中发现的所有与睡眠调节和控制有关的神经元素都存在于小须鲸中，没有特定的细胞核缺失，也没有新的细胞核出现。这种质的相似性涉及到胆碱能、去甲肾上腺素能、血清素能和食欲能系统，以及这些核的gaba能元素。定量分析显示，脑桥胆碱能神经元（274,242个）和去甲肾上腺素能神经元（203,686个）以及下丘脑食欲能神经元（277,604个）的数量明显高于其他大型双脑睡眠哺乳动物。小须鲸的小端脑连裂（前部、胼胝体和海马）、增大的后连裂、多余的脑桥胆碱能细胞和去甲肾上腺素能细胞，以及增大的中缝背核复合体的外周分裂，所有这些都表明，在齿状鲸类中，被认为与控制USWS和抑制REM有关的一系列神经特征存在于小须鲸中。(C) 2015 Wiley期刊，
The current study analyzed the nuclear organization of the neural systems related to the control and regulation of sleep and wake in the basal forebrain, diencephalon, midbrain, and pons of the minke whale, a mysticete cetacean. While odontocete cetaceans sleep in an unusual manner, with unihemispheric slow wave sleep (USWS) and suppressed REM sleep, it is unclear whether the mysticete whales show a similar sleep pattern. Previously, we detailed a range of features in the odontocete brain that appear to be related to odontocete-type sleep, and here present our analysis of these features in the minke whale brain. All neural elements involved in sleep regulation and control found in bihemispheric sleeping mammals and the harbor porpoise were present in the minke whale, with no specific nuclei being absent, and no novel nuclei being present. This qualitative similarity relates to the cholinergic, noradrenergic, serotonergic and orexinergic systems, and the GABAergic elements of these nuclei. Quantitative analysis revealed that the numbers of pontine cholinergic (274,242) and noradrenergic (203,686) neurons, and hypothalamic orexinergic neurons (277,604), are markedly higher than other large-brained bihemispheric sleeping mammals. Small telencephalic commissures (anterior, corpus callosum, and hippocampal), an enlarged posterior commissure, supernumerary pontine cholinergic and noradrenergic cells, and an enlarged peripheral division of the dorsal raphe nuclear complex of the minke whale, all indicate that the suite of neural characteristics thought to be involved in the control of USWS and the suppression of REM in the odontocete cetaceans are present in the minke whale. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals,