Rethinking Gloger’s Rule: Climate, Light Environments, and Color in a Large Family of Tropical Birds (Furnariidae)
Rethinking Gloger’s Rule: Climate, Light Environments, and Color in a Large Family of Tropical Birds (Furnariidae)
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DOI：
10.1086/713386
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rafael S. Marcondes;Jonathan A. Nations;Glenn F. Seeholzer;R. T. Brumfield
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作者：
Rafael S. Marcondes;Jonathan A. Nations;Glenn F. Seeholzer;R. T. Brumfield
生态地理学规则提供了一个框架，在这个框架内，我们可以检验进化论中关于适应的假说。Gloger的规则预测，吸热动物在温暖/多雨的气候中应该有更深的颜色。这一规则还预测，动物在温暖/干燥的气候中应该更红褐色，即所谓的复杂Gloger规则。经验研究经常表明，动物在凉爽/潮湿的气候下比温暖/潮湿的气候下更黑。此外，感官生态学预测，为了增强隐蔽性，动物在较暗的光线环境中应该更暗。我们的目的是解开的影响，气候和光环境的羽毛颜色在大型新热带雀形目科的鸟。我们发现，即使在控制了栖息地类型之后，在凉爽多雨的气候中，鸟类的羽毛也更深。即使在控制了气候之后，栖息地较暗的鸟类的羽毛也较暗。温度和降水的影响相互作用，使得降水对亮度的负效应在低温时最强。最后，鸟类往往是更红褐色的温暖/干燥的栖息地，但也令人惊讶的是，在凉爽/潮湿的地方。我们认为，格洛格规则的结果从无数的生态因素，包括隐，体温调节，寄生虫的威慑，和抵抗羽毛磨损所产生的互补选择压力。
Ecogeographic rules provide a framework within which to test evolutionary hypotheses of adaptation. Gloger’s rule predicts that endothermic animals should have darker colors in warm/rainy climates. This rule also predicts that animals should be more rufous in warm/dry climates, the so-called complex Gloger’s rule. Empirical studies frequently demonstrate that animals are darker in cool/wet climates rather than in warm/wet climates. Furthermore, sensory ecology predicts that, to enhance crypsis, animals should be darker in darker light environments. We aimed to disentangle the effects of climate and light environments on plumage color in the large Neotropical passerine family Furnariidae. We found that birds in cooler and rainier climates had darker plumage even after controlling for habitat type. Birds in darker habitats had darker plumage even after controlling for climate. The effects of temperature and precipitation interact so that the negative effect of precipitation on brightness is strongest in cool temperatures. Finally, birds tended to be more rufous in warm/dry habitats but also, surprisingly, in cool/wet locales. We suggest that Gloger’s rule results from complementary selective pressures arising from myriad ecological factors, including crypsis, thermoregulation, parasite deterrence, and resistance to feather abrasion.