Engineering time-controlled immunotherapy.
Engineering time-controlled immunotherapy.
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工程时间控制免疫疗法。
DOI：
10.1126/science.adf5318
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Altan-Bonnet,Grégoire
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Salazar-Cavazos,Emanuel;Altan-Bonnet,Grégoire
免疫疗法利用免疫反应来治疗疾病，从癌症到自身免疫性疾病。癌症的临床免疫治疗的界限已经被靶向肿瘤的癌症杀伤T细胞的开发、阻断免疫检查点以重新武装细胞毒性T细胞的疗法以及工程嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞的优化所推动。但是，当免疫功能进化到清除快速入侵的病原体时，仍然存在局限性，这些功能被重新用于根除缓慢生长的肿瘤。在本期的第1186和1227页，Allenet等人和Liet等人，分别提出了基于合成生物学的策略，以进一步改善癌症免疫疗法。这些研究不受“天然”免疫学（使用白细胞，抗体和细胞因子）的限制，而是扩大了CAR T细胞对病变组织引起的免疫应答的范围。
Immunotherapy harnesses the immune response to treat diseases, from cancers to autoimmune disorders. The boundaries of clinical immunotherapy for cancer have been pushed by the development of cancer-killing T cells that target tumors, therapies that block immune checkpoints to rearm cytotoxic T cells, and the optimization of engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells . But there remain limitations when immune functions that have evolved to clear fast-invading pathogens are repurposed to eradicate slow-growing tumors. On pages 1186 and 1227 of this issue, Allenet al.and Liet al., respectively, present synthetic biology-based strategies to further improve cancer immunotherapies. Rather than being limited by “natural” immunology (using leukocytes, antibodies, and cytokines), these studies expand the scope of immune responses elicited by CAR T cells against diseased tissues.