Geographical variation in wolf spider dispersal behaviour is related to landscape structure
Geographical variation in wolf spider dispersal behaviour is related to landscape structure
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.11.026
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Maelfait, Jean-Pierre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonte, Dries;Vanden Borre, Jeroen;Maelfait, Jean-Pierre
理论研究表明，栖息地和种群结构的机制是重要的塑造间和种内的扩散行为的变化。然而，经验证据，特别是生活在空间结构种群中的生物体，是稀缺的。我们调查了栖息地的配置（补丁大小，连接）和传播的沙丘狼蛛，Pardosa monticola，在标准化的实验室条件下，通过研究脚尖行为的变化之间的关系。踮起脚尖的行为为幼蛛的气球飞行做好准备，因此可以被认为是空中扩散的前兆。表现出踮起脚尖的行为的个人的比例是最高的后代草原在一个大的沙丘景观，栖息地是连续的，中间的后代起源于一个破碎的景观，和最低的后代起源于一个小的和极其孤立的草原补丁。在破碎化景观的水平上，变异与四个亚种群的大小和连通性有关。在景观之间和景观内，母体条件对后代扩散没有影响。这些结果表明，从一个大的，连接的景观到一个小的，分散的一个栖息地配置的变化可能会导致分散率下降，即使在小的空间尺度。因此，行为性状狭义地与传播发展，在小，孤立的栖息地，向少移动的表型，表明高扩散成本和低效率的基因流在蜘蛛物种局限于破碎的栖息地。(c)2006年，动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Theoretical studies suggest that mechanisms underlying habitat and population structure are important for shaping inter- and intraspecific variation in dispersal behaviour. Empirical evidence, especially in organisms living in spatially structured populations, however, is scarce. We investigated the relation between habitat configuration (patch size, connectivity) and dispersal by studying variation in tiptoe behaviour in the dune wolf spider, Pardosa monticola, under standardized laboratory conditions. Tiptoe behaviour prepares spiderlings for ballooning and can hence be considered as a precursor of aerial dispersal. The proportion of individuals that displayed tiptoe behaviour was highest in offspring from grasslands in a large dune landscape where habitat was continuously available, intermediate in offspring originating from a fragmented landscape, and lowest in offspring originating from a small and extremely isolated grassland patch. At the level of the fragmented landscape, variation was related to size and connectivity of four subpopulations. Both between and within landscapes, maternal condition had no effect on offspring dispersal. These results indicate that changes in habitat configuration from a large, connected landscape towards a small, fragmented one may lead to a decrease in dispersal rates, even at small spatial scales. Hence, behavioural traits narrowly linked to dispersal evolve towards less mobile phenotypes in small, isolated habitats, indicating high dispersal costs and low efficacy for gene flow in a spider species restricted to fragmented habitats. (c) 2006 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.