Anxiety-induced cognitive bias in non-human animals
Anxiety-induced cognitive bias in non-human animals
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.06.012
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发表时间：
2009-09-07
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Mendl, Michael T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burman, Oliver H. P.;Parker, Richard M. A.;Mendl, Michael T.
与人类一样，动物判断模糊刺激的方式中的“认知偏差”可能会受到情绪状态的影响，因此是动物情绪的一个有价值的新指标。越来越多的证据表明，在长期的环境操纵下经历不同情绪状态的动物在对模糊刺激的判断上表现出截然不同的偏见。然而，引发的情绪状态的具体类型通常是未知的。我们利用光强度的变化研究了情绪状态的短期操纵是否对认知偏差有类似的影响。与焦虑诱发特别相关的治疗。二十四只雄性老鼠经过训练，能够在高（W）或低（“L”）光照水平下区分两个不同的位置。一个地点获得了可口的食物，而另一个地点则获得了令人厌恶的食物。一旦老鼠表现出空间辨别力，通过以明显更快的速度跑到奖励位置，它们就在奖励位置和厌恶位置之间的三个模糊位置进行测试，并记录它们接近每个位置的潜伏期。一半的老鼠在与训练期间相同的光照水平下进行测试，其余的则进行了调换。从高光水平切换到低光水平（推定为最不负面的情绪操纵）的老鼠跑向所有三个模糊探针的速度明显快于从低光水平切换到高光水平（推定为最负面的情绪操纵）的老鼠。这表明判断偏差技术可能有助于作为非人类动物焦虑短期变化的指标。 (c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
As in humans, 'cognitive biases' in the way in which animals judge ambiguous stimuli may be influenced by emotional state and hence a valuable new indicator of animal emotion. There is increasing evidence that animals experiencing different emotional states following exposure to long-term environmental manipulations show contrasting biases in their judgement of ambiguous stimuli. However, the specific type of induced emotional state is usually unknown. We investigated whether a short-term manipulation of emotional state has a similar effect on cognitive bias, using changes in light intensity; a treatment specifically related to anxiety-induction. Twenty-four male rats were trained to discriminate between two different locations, in either high (W) or low ('L') light levels. One location was rewarded with palatable food and the other with aversive food. Once the rats had shown spatial discrimination, by running significantly faster to the rewarded location, they were tested with three ambiguous locations intermediate between the rewarded and aversive locations, and their latency to approach each location recorded. Half the rats were tested in the same light levels as during training, the remainder were switched. Rats switched from high to low light levels (putatively the least negative emotional manipulation) ran significantly faster to all three ambiguous probes than those rats switched from low to high light levels (putatively the most negative manipulation). This suggests that the judgement bias technique might be useful as an indicator of short-term changes in anxiety for non-human animals. (c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.