Essential role of the unfolded protein response regulator GRP78/BiP in protection from neuronal apoptosis.

Essential role of the unfolded protein response regulator GRP78/BiP in protection from neuronal apoptosis.
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DOI:
10.1038/cdd.2009.144
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发表时间:
2010-03
影响因子:
12.4
通讯作者:
Lee AS
Lee AS
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang M;Ye R;Barron E;Baumeister P;Mao C;Luo S;Fu Y;Luo B;Dubeau L;Hinton DR;Lee AS

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神经退行性疾病常与蛋白质质量控制功能障碍有关。内质网(ER)是蛋白质合成的关键部位,通过激活未折叠蛋白反应(UPR)来感知应激条件。在这里,我们报告了一种新的小鼠模型的创建,其中GRP78/BiP,一种主要的ER伴侣和UPR的主调节因子,在浦肯野细胞(PCs)中被特异性地消除。GRP78缺失的pc激活UPR,包括诱导GRP94、PDI、CHOP和GADD34,反馈抑制eIF2α磷酸化和凋亡细胞死亡。与目前的蛋白质错误折叠模型相反,泛素化蛋白的异常积累是突出的,在GRP78无效的PCs中,胞质泛素染色显着减少。超微结构检查显示内质网明显扩张,内质网内有电子致密物质聚集。小鼠在第5周出现生长迟缓和严重的运动协调缺陷,在第13周出现小脑萎缩。我们的研究揭示了GRP78缺失与胞质泛素化减少之间的新联系,并建立了具有基础和临床应用价值的加速小脑变性小鼠模型。
Neurodegenerative diseases are often associated with dysfunction in protein quality control. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a key site for protein synthesis, senses stressful conditions by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR). Here we report the creation of a novel mouse model where GRP78/BiP, a major ER chaperone and master regulator of UPR, is specifically eliminated in the Purkinje cells (PCs). GRP78 depleted PCs activate UPR including induction of GRP94, PDI, CHOP and GADD34, feedback suppression of eIF2α phosphorylation and apoptotic cell death. In contrast to current models of protein misfolding where abnormal accumulation of ubiquitinated protein is prominent, cytosolic ubiquitin staining is dramatically reduced in GRP78 null PCs. Ultrastructural evaluation reveals that the ER shows prominent dilatation with focal accumulation of electron-dense material within the ER. The mice show retarded growth and severe motor coordination defect by week 5 and cerebellar atrophy by week 13. Our studies uncover a novel link between GRP78 depletion and reduction in cytosolic ubiquitination and establish a novel mouse model of accelerated cerebellar degeneration with basic and clinical applications.
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