Semi-quantum cryptography
Semi-quantum cryptography
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DOI：
10.1007/s11128-020-2595-9
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Krawec, Walter O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iqbal, Hasan;Krawec, Walter O.
半量子通信是Boyer等人提出的一种模型。(PHYS Rev Lett 99：140501,2007年)，涉及全量子用户和半量子用户或“经典”用户的使用。这些受限用户仅被允许以有限的方式与量子通道交互。半量子研究最初是为了研究密钥分发问题，后来随着新的协议、安全证明方法、实验实现和密钥分发以外的新密码应用，半量子研究已经扩展，并继续增长。半量子密码学领域的研究需要对使用受限协议的新见解，因此，该领域衍生的工具和技术可以转化为更广泛的量子信息科学的结果。此外，其他问题，如量子和经典处理之间的联系，包括如何使用经典信息处理来抵消协议中的量子缺陷，可以阐明重要的理论问题。这项工作概述了半量子研究的历史和现状。我们讨论了该模型和几个协议，为读者提供了在该领域中如何构建协议的洞察力。我们讨论了安全证明方法以及如何使用经典的后处理来抵消用户无法执行某些量子操作的情况。除了密钥分配之外，我们还将回顾其他半量子密码协议的研究现状和发展趋势。我们还综述了在试图构建实用的半量子系统方面所做的最新工作，包括这一领域的最新实验结果。最后，由于这仍然是一个不断增长的领域，在整个调查过程中，我们强调了几个我们认为重要的公开问题，希望这将促进对这一主题的更多研究。
Semi-quantum communication, a model introduced by Boyer et al. (Phys Rev Lett 99:140501, 2007), involves the use of fully quantum users and semi-quantum, or "classical" users. These restricted users are only allowed to interact with the quantum channel in a limited manner. Originally introduced to study the key-distribution problem, semi-quantum research has since expanded, and continues to grow, with new protocols, security proof methods, experimental implementations, and new cryptographic applications beyond key distribution. Research in the field of semi-quantum cryptography requires new insights into working with restricted protocols and, so, the tools and techniques derived in this field can translate to results in broader quantum information science. Furthermore, other questions such as the connection between quantum and classical processing, including how classical information processing can be used to counteract a quantum deficiency in a protocol, can shed light on important theoretical questions. This work surveys the history and current state of the art in semi-quantum research. We discuss the model and several protocols offering the reader insight into how protocols are constructed in this realm. We discuss security proof methods and how classical post-processing can be used to counteract users' inability to perform certain quantum operations. Moving beyond key distribution, we survey current work in other semi-quantum cryptographic protocols and current trends. We also survey recent work done in attempting to construct practical semi-quantum systems including recent experimental results in this field. Finally, as this is still a growing field, we highlight, throughout this survey, several open problems that we feel are important to investigate in the hopes that this will spur even more research in this topic.