THE NEW-YORK NEEDLE TRIAL - THE POLITICS OF PUBLIC-HEALTH IN THE AGE OF AIDS
THE NEW-YORK NEEDLE TRIAL - THE POLITICS OF PUBLIC-HEALTH IN THE AGE OF AIDS
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.81.11.1506
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发表时间：
1991-11-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
ANDERSON, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ANDERSON, W
在过去五年中，用消毒针头和注射器交换不洁注射设备的做法在美国以外越来越被接受，被认为是减少静脉注射吸毒者中人体免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病毒）传播的一种潜在手段。本文描述了1985年至1991年期间在纽约市试图建立针头和注射器交换计划的争议。对健康危机的反应被用作社会和机构做法模式的指标。提倡换针的人与提倡执法的人陷入了僵局，从研究过程的角度对政策问题进行战略性重新制定似乎提供了一个解决办法。本文讨论了设计和实施有争议的健康促进政策的实际局限性;使用（在约束下）的限制性研究过程构成，而不是简单地指导或监测公共政策;和潜在的道德风险的卫生专业人员寻求一个有争议的求助于临床试验。因此，在纽约建立针具交换的努力说明了预防艾滋病方面更普遍的问题。
During the past 5 years, the exchange of sterile needles and syringes for dirty injecting equipment has gained increasing acceptance outside the United States as a potential means of reducing the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among intravenous drug users. This article describes the controversy over attempts to establish a needle and syringe exchange scheme in New York City between 1985 and 1991. The response to a health crisis is used as an indicator of patterns of social and institutional practice. Advocates of needle exchanges had reached a stalemate with the promoters of law enforcement, and the strategic reformulation of the policy problem in terms of the research process seemed to offer a solution. The article discusses the practical limitations on designing and carrying out a controversial health promotion policy; the use (under constraint) of a restrictive research process to constitute-rather than simply to guide or monitor-public policy; and the potential ethical hazards of health professionals' seeking a polemical recourse to the clinical trial. The efforts to establish a needle exchange in New York thus illustrate more general problems for AIDS prevention.