Efficient Visual Recalibration from Either Visual or Haptic Feedback: The Importance of Being Wrong
Efficient Visual Recalibration from Either Visual or Haptic Feedback: The Importance of Being Wrong
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2749-10.2010
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发表时间：
2010-11-03
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Graf, Erich W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adams, Wendy J.;Kerrigan, Iona S.;Graf, Erich W.
人类的视觉系统能够适应环境变化的统计数据。例如，帮助解释模糊阴影信息的假设--来自上方的光线先验，可以通过触觉(触摸)反馈来修改。在这里，我们研究了驱动这种适应性学习的机制。特别是，我们询问视觉信息在驾驶视觉重新校准中是否可以与触觉一样有效，以及增加信息(来自多个模式的反馈)是否会导致更快的学习。在几个小时的培训中，反馈鼓励观察者修改他们现有的从上方发光的假设。反馈是以下之一：(1)仅触觉，(2)触觉和立体(提供双眼形状信息)，或(3)仅立体。只有触觉的反馈导致了实质性的学习；阴影物体的感知形状根据观察者的新光线先验进行了修改。然而，添加连续视觉反馈(条件2)大大减少了学习。当间歇性地提供只有视觉的反馈(条件3)时，模仿条件1和2的触觉反馈的时间进程，实质性学习返回。冲突信息或反馈的间歇性似乎对学习至关重要。它使最初的错误感知得到纠正。与之前的建议相反，我们发现跨模式反馈没有特别的优势。相反，我们建议使用“OOPS”因素来驱动有效的学习；当对象属性的顺序表示之间存在不匹配时，应优先进行重新校准。这一“OOPS”因素似乎在感官模式和感觉模式中都很重要，这表明了知觉学习和重新校准的一般原则。
The human visual system adapts to the changing statistics of its environment. For example, the light-from-above prior, an assumption that aids the interpretation of ambiguous shading information, can be modified by haptic (touch) feedback. Here we investigate the mechanisms that drive this adaptive learning. In particular, we ask whether visual information can be as effective as haptics in driving visual recalibration and whether increased information (feedback from multiple modalities) induces faster learning.During several hours' training, feedback encouraged observers to modify their existing light-from-above assumption. Feedback was one of the following: (1) haptic only, (2) haptic and stereoscopic (providing binocular shape information), or (3) stereoscopic only. Haptic-only feedback resulted in substantial learning; the perceived shape of shaded objects was modified in accordance with observers' new light priors. However, the addition of continuous visual feedback (condition 2) substantially reduced learning. When visual-only feedback was provided intermittently (condition 3), mimicking the time course of the haptic feedback of conditions 1 and 2, substantial learning returned.The intermittent nature of conflict information, or feedback, appears critical for learning. It causes an initial, erroneous percept to be corrected. Contrary to previous proposals, we found no particular advantage for cross-modal feedback. Instead, we suggest that an "oops" factor drives efficient learning; recalibration is prioritized when a mismatch exists between sequential representations of an object property. This "oops" factor appears important both across and within sensory modalities, suggesting a general principle for perceptual learning and recalibration.