THE KINETICS OF THE REACTION CO + O2Hb ⇄ O2 + COHb IN HUMAN BLOOD AT BODY TEMPERATURE
THE KINETICS OF THE REACTION CO + O2Hb ⇄ O2 + COHb IN HUMAN BLOOD AT BODY TEMPERATURE
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体温下人体血液中 CO + O2Hb ⇄ O2 + COHb 反应的动力学
DOI：
10.1152/ajplegacy.1945.143.4.609
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发表时间：
1945
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. J. W. Roughton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. J. W. Roughton
十年前，我发表了一系列关于强奸的论文。一氧化碳与血红蛋白的比值。所研究的反应是Cl，CO与还原的血红蛋白的结合; B，由CO从与血红蛋白的结合中置换出O2; c，由O2从与血红蛋白的结合中置换出CO。所采用的技术是测量超快速化学反应速率的哈特里奇-劳顿法的早期形式：这种方法每次实验需要几升溶液，因此屠宰场的血（通常是绵羊）被用作血红蛋白的来源。用物理化学中常用的动力学方法对实验结果进行了分析，并对血红蛋白与CO和O2反应的性质和机理提出了新的见解。然而，它们并不直接适用于分析因素，这些因素决定了人在暴露于含CO的大气中期间或之后的CO吸收和消除速率，因为研究的是绵羊而不是人的血红蛋白，而且几乎所有的工作都是在10 ℃的溶液中对血红蛋白进行的。到20%。而不是在37到38摄氏度的红细胞上。本文给出了37 ℃时人血红蛋白溶液和红细胞中CO+ O_2 ~（Hb）-+ O_2 + CO_2 ~（Hb）反应速率的一些数据。从物理化学的观点来看，这些数据并不完整，但已经获得的数据似乎足够多，足以证明它们在几个有趣的生理问题中的应用。这一事实，以及目前的紧急情况下，何时允许完成工作中缺失的物理化学方面的不确定性，使得似乎有必要立即提出一份迄今为止获得的kinet（ic）结果的初步报告。为方便有生理学头脑的读者，在附文中介绍了这些数据在一个迄今尚未解决的问题上的应用，即红细胞穿过肺毛细血管所花的平均时间的计算。这里还将发现一些关于决定肺中CO吸收和消除速率的因素的其他考虑，为了评价这些因素，不仅需要了解本文的动力学数据，而且还需要了解肺毛细血管循环的平均时间。结果表明，T1 O2 + CO+ O2 Hb + O2 + CO + Hb的活力明显高于T1 O2 + CO + Hb。所采用的技术是对Harcourt和劳顿（4）使用的早期形式的修改。该装置的总体布局如图1所示。两种反应溶液，即，在单独的24升玻璃瓶A和R中制备用适当的CO-O2混合物% urep平衡的盐水溶液和血液溶液或悬浮液。这些瓶子都是不锈钢的
Ten years ago I published a series of papers (10) on the raPtIes of the rea. ctions of carbon monoxide with hemoglobin. The reactions studied were CI, the combination of CO with reduced hemoglobin; b, the displacement of 02 from combination with hemoglobin by CO; c, the displacement of CO from combination with hemoglobin by 02. The technique emploved was the earlv form of the Hartridge-Roughton (4) method of measuring thk velocitv of veryrapid chemical reactions: this method required several liters of solutions for each experiment, and slaughter house blood (usually sheep) was therefore used as the source of hemoglobin. The results were analysed by the usual kinetic methods of physical chemistry and threw new light on the nature and mechanisms of the reactions of hemoglobin with CO and 02. They were not, however, directlv applicable to the analysis of the factors, which determine f; he rate of CO uptake&and elimination in man during or after exposure to CO-comaining atmospheres, since sheep and not human hemoglobin was studied, and furthermore nearly all the work 1’s’ as done on hemoglobin in solution at 10 C’. to 20%. rather than on the red cell at 37 t’o 38OC. In the present paper I present some dat# a on the rate of the reaction CO+ OzHb-+ 02+ COHb in human hemoglobin solutions and red cells at 37OC. From a physico-chemical point of view the data are not complete but Ohose already obtained seem sufficiently numerous and den&e to justify their use in several interesting physiological problems. This fact), together with the uncertainty as to when the circumstances of the present emergency n-ill permit the completion of the missing physical-chemical aspects of tlhe work, makes it seem desirable to present forthwith a preliminary account of the kinet (ic result, s so far obtained. The application of t, he data tlo a hithert) o unsolved problem, namely, the calculation of the average time spent by the red cell in traversing the capillaries of the lung, is, for the convenience of more physiologically minded readers, presented in an adjoining paper; here also will be found some furt’her considerations upon the factors which determine the rate of CO uptake and elimination in the lung, for the appraisal of these factors requires knowledge not only of the kinetic data of the present pa* per but also of the average tlime of the lung capillary circulation.EXPERIMENTAL METHODS. Ammswrerr2ers~ t of the vehity of thee rYmTiOfL co+ 02Hb--+ 02+ COHb. The technique adopted was a modificatlion of the earlv form used by Hartridge and Roughton (4). The general layout of the apparatus is shown in figure 1. The two reacting solutions, viz., saline solution equilibrated with an appropriate CO-02 mix% urep and blood solution or suspension are prepared in separate 24 liter glasis bottles A and R. These bottles are st, oppered