Relationship between food insecurity, child weight status, and parent-reported child eating and snacking behaviors
Relationship between food insecurity, child weight status, and parent-reported child eating and snacking behaviors
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DOI：
10.1111/jspn.12177
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Moore, Renee H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kral, Tanja V. E.;Chittams, Jesse;Moore, Renee H.
目的：先前的研究表明，粮食不安全可能会增加儿童和成人肥胖的几率。对于粮食不安全家庭中肥胖的家族性聚集性，以及粮食不安全导致儿童肥胖风险增加的机制，我们仍然知之甚少。本研究的目的是比较来自粮食不安全和粮食安全家庭的儿童和母亲的体重状况、儿童饮食模式/行为以及母亲的喂养方式。设计与方法：50位有8-10岁孩子的母亲被要求完成问卷调查，包括美国家庭食品安全调查，并测量了自己和孩子的身高和体重。结果：来自粮食不安全家庭的儿童肥胖的几率比来自粮食安全家庭的儿童高5倍（95%置信区间1.15-20.8）。在单变量分析中，与食品安全家庭的儿童相比，来自粮食不安全家庭的儿童表现出明显更多的外部进食，包括过去的饱腹和没有饥饿的情况（p < .03），来自粮食不安全家庭的母亲对其孩子的体重表现出更大的担忧，并在更大程度上使用限制性喂养方法（p < .03）。来自粮食安全家庭的儿童每天食用三到四种零食的比例更高（45.9比15.4%），而来自粮食不安全家庭的儿童每天食用五种或更多零食的比例更高（15.4比0%；p = 0.02）。实践意义：这些发现进一步支持了粮食不安全与儿童肥胖之间的关联，并表明外部饮食、儿童零食模式和选择性母亲喂养做法的差异可能与粮食不安全儿童的卡路里过度消耗有关。在照顾粮食不安全儿童时，卫生保健提供者应筛查有问题的饮食模式和喂养习惯。
Purpose: Prior studies showed that food insecurity may increase the odds of obesity in children and adults. We still know very little about the familial aggregation of obesity in food-insecure households or the mechanisms by which food insecurity confers an increased risk of obesity to children. The purpose of this study was to compare children and mothers from food-insecure and food-secure households in their weight status, child eating patterns/behaviors, and maternal feeding practices.Design and Methods: Fifty mothers of 8-10-year-old children were asked to complete questionnaires, including the U.S. Household Food Security survey, and had their own and their children's heights and weights measured.Results: The odds of a child being obese were five times higher for children from food-insecure households compared with children from food-secure households (95% confidence interval 1.15-20.8). In univariate analyses, children from food-insecure households showed significantly greater external eating, both past satiation and in the absence of hunger (p < .03), and mothers from food-insecure households expressed significantly greater concern about their children's weight and used restrictive feeding practices to a greater extent (p < .03) when compared with families from food-secure households. A greater proportion of children from food-secure households consumed three to four snacks per day (45.9 vs. 15.4%), while a higher proportion of children from food-insecure households consumed five or more snacks per day (15.4 vs. 0%; p = .02).Practice Implications: These findings provide further support for an association between food insecurity and childhood obesity and suggest that differences in external eating, child snacking patterns, and select maternal feeding practices may be implicated in food-insecure children's over-consumption of calories. When caring for food-insecure children, healthcare providers should screen for problematic eating patterns and feeding practices.