Role of gut microbiota in chronic low-grade inflammation as potential driver for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of human studies
Role of gut microbiota in chronic low-grade inflammation as potential driver for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of human studies
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DOI：
10.1111/obr.12750
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Rutten, J. H. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van den Munckhof, I. C. L.;Kurilshikov, A.;Rutten, J. H. W.
肥胖的一个标志是慢性低度炎症，它在动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ACVD)的过程中发挥着重要作用。肠道微生物区系是影响全身免疫反应的因素之一，肥胖者肠道微生物区系的组成和代谢功能发生了深刻的变化。这篇系统性的综述评估了肠道微生物区系与人类低度炎症标志物之间的关系。我们确定了14项研究，这些研究大多是观察性的，规模相对较小(n=10至471)。在这些研究中，分析微生物组的方式有很大的不同。较低的肠道微生物多样性与较高的白细胞计数和高敏感性C-反应蛋白(HsCRP)水平相关。双歧杆菌、杆菌、瘤胃球菌和普氏杆菌的丰度与hsCRP、IL-6等不同的低度炎症标志物呈负相关。此外，这篇综述还推测了肠道微生物区系影响低度炎症从而导致急性脑血管病的可能机制。我们讨论了微生物组与炎症体、先天性免疫系统、胆汁酸、肠道通透性、内源性大麻素系统和TMAO之间的关系。这些数据加强了人类对肠道微生物区系的研究作为预防ACVD的潜在诊断和治疗策略的重要性。
A hallmark of obesity is chronic low-grade inflammation, which plays a major role in the process of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). Gut microbiota is one of the factors influencing systemic immune responses, and profound changes have been found in its composition and metabolic function in individuals with obesity. This systematic review assesses the association between the gut microbiota and markers of low-grade inflammation in humans. We identified 14 studies which were mostly observational and relatively small (n = 10 to 471). The way in which the microbiome is analysed differed extensively between these studies. Lower gut microbial diversity was associated with higher white blood cell counts and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. The abundance of Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus and Prevotella were inversely related to different markers of low-grade inflammation such as hsCRP and interleukin (IL)-6. In addition, this review speculates on possible mechanisms through which the gut microbiota can affect low-grade inflammation and thereby ACVD. We discuss the associations between the microbiome and the inflammasome, the innate immune system, bile acids, gut permeability, the endocannabinoid system and TMAO. These data reinforce the importance of human research into the gut microbiota as potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategy to prevent ACVD.