Biomass sustainability criteria: Greenhouse gas accounting issues for biogas and biomethane facilities
Biomass sustainability criteria: Greenhouse gas accounting issues for biogas and biomethane facilities
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.enpol.2015.08.031
复制
发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
P. Adams;W. Mezzullo;M. McManus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Adams;W. Mezzullo;M. McManus
生物质可持续性标准是在欧盟可再生能源指令之后在英国引入的。标准现在适用于固体生物质和沼气，但由于它不是强制性的标准，成员国可以采用不同的解释风险。运营商必须报告每兆焦耳能源的温室气体（GHG）排放量。本文提供了一个严格的分析，目前的温室气体排放核算方法的沼气设施，以评估预期的遵守生产者。本研究使用来自运行热电联产和生物甲烷设施的数据，使用现有方法和政府计算器计算温室气体排放量。结果表明，虽然许多沼气设施将满足温室气体阈值，目前由政府定义，一些运营商可能不遵守由于方法的不确定性和选择的操作实践。确定了几个需要解决的温室气体核算问题，以便沼气行业履行其报告义务，并与其他生物能源技术客观地代表。重要的方法学问题突出，包括托运定义，质量平衡分配，测量逃逸甲烷排放量，会计的共同产品，化石燃料的比较，和其他会计问题。建议，以帮助解决政策制定者和沼气行业的温室气体核算问题。
Biomass sustainability criteria were introduced in the UK following the EU Renewable Energy Directive. Criteria are now applicable to solid biomass and biogas, however because it is not mandatory criteria can be adapted by member states with the risk of different interpretation. Operators are required to report greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for every MJ of energy produced. This paper provides a rigorous analysis of the current GHG emissions accounting methodology for biogas facilities to assess expected compliance for producers. This research uses data from operating CHP and biomethane facilities to calculate GHG emissions using the existing methodology and Government calculator. Results show that whilst many biogas facilities will meet GHG thresholds, as presently defined by Government, several operators may not comply due to methodological uncertainties and chosen operating practices. Several GHG accounting issues are identified which need to be addressed so the biogas industry achieves its reporting obligations and is represented objectively with other bioenergy technologies. Significant methodological issues are highlighted; including consignment definition, mass balance allocation, measurement of fugitive methane emissions, accounting for digestate co-products, fossil fuel comparators, and other accounting problems. Recommendations are made to help address the GHG accounting issues for policy makers and the biogas industry.