Public communication, risk perception, and the viability of preventive vaccination against communicable diseases
Public communication, risk perception, and the viability of preventive vaccination against communicable diseases
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8519.2005.00452.x
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
May, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
May, T
由于预防性疫苗接种计划的性质，这些公共卫生干预措施的可行性特别容易受到公众看法的影响。这是因为疫苗接种依赖于“群体免疫”的概念，实现这一概念需要理性的公共行为，只有通过充分和准确地沟通风险和利益才能获得这种行为。本文描述了威胁疫苗接种计划有效性的非理性行为--无论是在危机情况下还是在非危机情况下--如何与媒体对健康风险的描绘造成的公众认知联系在一起。我把儿童疫苗接种作为“非危机”预防性疫苗接种的典范，并把最近的流感疫苗短缺作为一种“危机”情况。本文最后对通过更好的公共沟通解决这些威胁所需的步骤进行了审查。
Because of the nature of preventive vaccination programs, the viability of these public health interventions is particularly susceptible to public perceptions. This is because vaccination relies on a concept of 'herd immunity', achievement of which requires rational public behavior that can only be obtained through full and accurate communication about risks and benefits. This paper describes how irrational behavior that threatens the effectiveness of vaccination programs - both in crisis and non-crisis situations - can be tied to public perceptions created by media portrayals of health risks. I concentrate on childhood vaccination as an exemplar of 'non-crisis' preventive vaccination, and on the recent flu vaccine shortage as a 'crisis' situation. The paper concludes with an examination of the steps necessary to resolve these threats through better public communication.