A HINDI VERSION OF THE MMSE - THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COGNITIVE SCREENING INSTRUMENT FOR A LARGELY ILLITERATE RURAL ELDERLY POPULATION IN INDIA
A HINDI VERSION OF THE MMSE - THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COGNITIVE SCREENING INSTRUMENT FOR A LARGELY ILLITERATE RURAL ELDERLY POPULATION IN INDIA
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DOI：
10.1002/gps.930100505
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发表时间：
1995-05-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
DEKOSKY, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GANGULI, M;RATCLIFF, G;DEKOSKY, S
印度-美国跨国痴呆症流行病学研究旨在比较美国和印度的两个农村人口：莫农加希拉山谷，宾夕法尼亚州西南部社会经济地位相对较低的农村社区（美国），以及印度北部新德里附近的农村社区Ballabgarh。特别令人感兴趣的是，Ballabgarh的老年人只说印地语，几乎没有受过教育，而且大部分是文盲，这使他们的认知筛查成为一个特别的挑战。在这篇文章中，我们报告的方法和初步数据的发展适合Ballabgarh老年人口的印地语认知筛查工具。我们使用我们的印地语改编的简易精神状态检查（MMSE）作为一个例子，这是一个广泛使用的全球认知筛查量表。系统的、逐项的、以经验为基础的测试开发表明，可以对需要阅读和写作的现有测试进行有效的修改;可以进行文化敏感的修改，使测试有意义和相关，同时仍然挖掘适当的认知领域。某些认知功能，特别是时间定向，仍然难以在这类人群中进行充分测试。在Ballabgarh和在Monongahela山谷一样，受过教育的人考试成绩较高。讨论了痴呆症筛查的意义，包括与低教育程度易患痴呆症的假设相关的意义。
The Indo-US Cross-National Dementia Epidemiology Study seeks to compare two rural populations, in the US and India: the Monongahela Valley, a rural community of relatively low socioeconomic status in southwestern Pennsylvania (USA), and Ballabgarh, a rural community near New Delhi in North India. Of particular interest is the fact that the Ballabgarh elderly population is exclusively Hindi-speaking, has little or no education and is largely illiterate, rendering its cognitive screening a particular challenge. In this article we report methods and preliminary data on the development of a Hindi cognitive screening instrument suitable for the Ballabgarh elderly population. We use as an example our Hindi adaptation of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), a widely used global cognitive screening scale. Systematic, item-by-item, empirically based test development has shown that effective modifications can be made to existing tests that require reading and writing; and that culturally sensitive modifications can be made to render the test meaningful and relevant while still tapping the appropriate cognitive domains. Certain cognitive functions, particularly orientation to time, remain difficult to test adequately in this type of population. In Ballabgarh, as in the Monongahela Valley, educated individuals obtain higher test scores. Implications for dementia screening are discussed, including those relevant to the hypothesis that low education predisposes to dementia.