A framework for experimental determination of localised vertical pedestrian forces on full-scale structures using wireless attitude and heading reference systems
A framework for experimental determination of localised vertical pedestrian forces on full-scale structures using wireless attitude and heading reference systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsv.2016.05.010
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发表时间：
2016-08-18
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Monnickendam, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bocian, M.;Brownjohn, J. M. W.;Monnickendam, R.
近年来提出的行人在柔性结构上行走的载荷模型的一个主要缺点是在其发展过程中所做的各种未经证实的假设。这适用于行人负载的时空特性和多对象相互作用的性质。为了缓解这个问题，一个框架，用于确定局部行人力量的全尺寸结构，提出了使用无线姿态和航向参考系统（AHRS）。航姿系统由三轴加速度计、陀螺仪和磁力计组成，由一个专用数据处理单元管理，可重建三维空间中的运动。一个行人负载模型的基础上，从AHRS的单点惯性测量的推导和执行良好的基准数据上收集的仪表跑步机。与其他模式不同，现时的模式并没有采用任何预先订明的形式，亦无须就行人负荷的时间和幅度作出任何推断。为了正确评估行人运动对结构行为的影响，基于附着在脚上的单个航姿系统的数据，开发了一种跟踪行人力施加点的算法。在一座真实的人行桥上进行了一组单人步行控制试验，以验证其有效性。一个非常好的匹配之间的测量和模拟的桥梁响应，确实确认所提出的框架的适用性。(C)2016年6月，作者。爱思唯尔有限公司出版
A major weakness among loading models for pedestrians walking on flexible structures proposed in recent years is the various uncorroborated assumptions made in their development. This applies to spatio-temporal characteristics of pedestrian loading and the nature of multi-object interactions. To alleviate this problem, a framework for the determination of localised pedestrian forces on full-scale structures is presented using a wireless attitude and heading reference systems (AHRS). An AHRS comprises a triad of triaxial accelerometers, gyroscopes and magnetometers managed by a dedicated data processing unit, allowing motion in three-dimensional space to be reconstructed. A pedestrian loading model based on a single point inertial measurement from an AHRS is derived and shown to perform well against benchmark data collected on an instrumented treadmill. Unlike other models, the current model does not take any predefined form nor does it require any extrapolations as to the timing and amplitude of pedestrian loading. In order to assess correctly the influence of the moving pedestrian on behaviour of a structure, an algorithm for tracking the point of application of pedestrian force is developed based on data from a single AHRS attached to a foot. A set of controlled walking tests with a single pedestrian is conducted on a real footbridge for validation purposes. A remarkably good match between the measured and simulated bridge response is found, indeed confirming applicability of the proposed framework. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.