Three decades of data on phytoplankton and phycotoxins on the French coast: Lessons from REPHY and REPHYTOX
Three decades of data on phytoplankton and phycotoxins on the French coast: Lessons from REPHY and REPHYTOX
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DOI：
10.1016/j.hal.2019.101733
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发表时间：
2021-04-16
期刊：
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Amzil, Zouher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belin, Catherine;Soudant, Dominique;Amzil, Zouher
在法国，30多年来，REPHY（沿海水域浮游植物和水文观测和监测网）和REPHYTOX（海洋生物藻毒素监测网）一直在为海洋健康长期时间序列作出贡献。本文的目的是描述这些网络，并强调他们的关键结果。在过去的20年里，对从英吉利海峡到地中海的法国海岸浮游植物区系的分析表明，这五种具有象征意义的浮游植物分类群有毛角目、骷髅目、隐藻目、细圆柱目和拟尼奇目。后者，连同我们感兴趣的分类群Dinophysis + Phalacroma、Alexandrium和Karenia，在整个法国海岸线上都有一致的记录。然而，当考虑到发生频率时，一些分类群表现出更明显的地理分布。特别是，Phaeocystis的发生似乎强烈地针对英吉利海峡的北部海岸。自20世纪80年代以来，法国海岸经常受到双壳类软体动物毒素的影响，导致在不同时期禁止捕捞和销售贝类。涉及三种毒素。1988年和2000年以前，法国海岸分别没有PST和AST。自1987年以来，DST（腹泻贝类毒素）每年都会影响整个沿海的许多地区。对于PST（麻痹性贝类毒素），自1988年在英法海峡、1993年在大西洋和1998年在地中海以来，只有少数地区受到影响，有时是零星的。自2000年以来，许多地区受到AST（健忘性贝类毒素）事件的影响，主要影响英吉利海峡和大西洋沿岸的扇贝。1987 - 2018年，各省份贝类毒性事件的变化模式均无明显趋势。
In France, REPHY (Observation and Surveillance Network for Phytoplankton and Hydrology in coastal waters) and REPHYTOX (Monitoring Network for Phycotoxins in marine organisms) have been contributing to long-term time series on ocean health for more than 30 years. The aim of this paper is to describe these networks and to highlight their key results. Over the last 20 years, phytoplankton flora analysis on French coasts from the Channel to Mediterranean has shown that the five ?emblematic? taxa are Chaetoceros, Skeletonema, Cryptophyceae, Leptocylindrus and Pseudo-nitzschia. The latter, together with the taxa of interest Dinophysis + Phalacroma, Alexandrium, and Karenia, have been consistently recorded along the entire French coastline. However, when taking into account frequency of occurrence some taxa exhibit more distinct geographical distributions. In particular, the occurrence of Phaeocystis appeared to be strongly specific to the northern coasts of the Channel. French coasts have been regularly affected since the 1980s by the presence of toxins in bivalve molluscs, leading to bans on fishing and sale of shellfish during periods of varying duration. Three categories of toxins were involved. PST and AST were absent from the French coasts, respectively before 1988 and 2000. DST (Diarrheic Shellfish Toxins) have affected many areas along the whole coast every year since 1987. For PST (Paralytic Shellfish Toxins), only a few areas have been affected, sometimes sporadically, since 1988 in the Channel, 1993 in the Atlantic, and 1998 in the Mediterranean. Many areas have been impacted since 2000 by AST (Amnesic Shellfish Toxins) episodes, mainly affecting scallops in the Channel and on Atlantic coasts. The patterns of change of shellfish toxicity episodes showed no real trend in any province over the entire period 1987?2018.