LABORATORY METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS
LABORATORY METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS
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DOI：
10.1136/jcp.44.6.445
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发表时间：
1991-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
CASEMORE, DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CASEMORE, DP
隐孢子虫现在被广泛认为是急性胃肠炎的一个原因，特别是在儿童中。婴儿或老年人的感染并不特别常见，也不严重。感染通常产生持续的、水样的、攻击性腹泻，通常伴有腹痛、恶心、呕吐（特别是在儿童中）和厌食症;大约三分之一的病例有其他症状，包括临床上重要的体重减轻、发烧和咳嗽。隐孢子虫也是免疫功能低下者，特别是艾滋病患者的一种严重和可能危及生命的疾病。在这些患者中，感染有时累及胆道、胰腺或呼吸道。卵囊排泄和症状，包括腹泻的程度，在疾病过程中可能会波动。许多患者在症状消失后的一到三周内停止排泄卵囊，但有些人排泄数周，少数人继续排泄数月。无症状感染者可能更常见于卫生条件差的欠发达地区，或与牲畜密切和频繁接触的地方。2
Cryptosporidium is now widely recognised as a cause of acute gastroenteritis, particularly in children. The infection in infants or the elderly is not particularly common, nor more severe. The infection usually produces a per-sistent, watery, offensive diarrhoea, often accompanied by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting (especially in children), and anorexia; about a third of cases have other symptoms including clinically important weight loss, fever, and cough. Cryptosporidium is also a cause of severe and potentially life-threatening disease in the immun-ocompromised, especially those with AIDS. In these patients the infection sometimes affects the biliary tract, pancreas, or the res-piratory tract. Oocyst excretion and symptoms, including the degree of diarrhoea, can fluctuate during the course of the disease. Many patients stop excreting oocysts within one to three weeks of thedisappearance of symptoms, but some excrete for several weeks, and a few continue to excrete for months. Asymptomatic infection may be more commonly found in underdeveloped areas with poor hygiene, or where there is close and frequent contact with livestock. 2