Wireless Vehicular Check-in Protocol at Urban Road Intersection
Wireless Vehicular Check-in Protocol at Urban Road Intersection
复制标题
城市道路交叉口无线车辆签到协议
DOI：
10.1109/access.2018.2822547
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Jiang Changjun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang Siqian;Wang Cheng;Jiang Changjun
城市交叉口交通流的智能组织是智能交通系统的重要组成部分。无线设备由于其低成本部署和维护方便，与传统设备（如地面环路和道路摄像头）相比，越来越受到人们的关注。本文的目标是通过无线通信，在安装在城市十字路口的路边单元（RSU）上提供车辆高效签到，这意味着每辆车在经过十字路口时与RSU交换信息。虽然这看起来很简单，但它并不简单，因为快速移动的车辆会限制其数据包的使用寿命，并且RSU会受到其他移动设备造成的相互干扰。特别是通信背景环境是复杂的、高度动态的。为了解决这些问题，我们在IEEE 802.11协议的基础上设计了一个参数灵活的无线签入协议。该协议利用向量自回归和移动平均模型以及强化学习来适应动态环境。此外，在RSU侧采用了基于指数平滑算法的细粒度调优方法，进一步提高了签入效率。我们将深圳和上海的真实城市道路交叉口数据与城市交通模拟（SUMO）和NS-3网络模拟器相结合，对所提出的签到协议进行了评估。与IEEE 802.11p相比，它的使用使签入率和数据包接收率提高了10%。它还可以作为各种实时信息服务的基本组件。
Intelligent organization of the traffic flow at an urban intersection is fundamentally important in intelligent transportation systems. Because of their low-cost deployment and convenient maintenance, wireless devices attract more attention against traditional devices, e.g., ground loops and road cameras. This paper targets to provide a vehicle-efficient check-in at a roadside unit (RSU) installed at an urban intersection through wireless communication, which means that each vehicle exchanges information with the RSU while traveling past the intersection. While this seems simple, it is nontrivial because fast-moving vehicles limit the lifetime of their packets and the RSU suffers from mutual interference caused by other mobile devices. Especially, the communication background environment is complex and highly dynamic. To address the challenges, we design a wireless check-in protocol with flexible parameters on the basis of the IEEE 802.11 protocols. The protocol leverages a vector auto-regressive and moving average model and reinforcement learning to dynamic environment adaptation. Moreover, a fine-grained tuning method based on an exponential smoothing algorithm is applied on the RSU side to further improve the check-in efficiency. We evaluate the proposed check-in protocol by combining the real urban road intersection data, collected in Shenzhen and Shanghai, with a simulation of urban mobility (SUMO) and an NS-3 network simulator. Its usage brings about 10% improvement in both check-in ratio and packet reception ratio in comparison with the IEEE 802.11p. It also can act as a basic component for various real-time information services.
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