Communicating quantities: a review of psycholinguistic evidence of how expressions determine perspectives
Communicating quantities: a review of psycholinguistic evidence of how expressions determine perspectives
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交流数量：对表达如何决定观点的心理语言学证据的回顾
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Sanford
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Moxey;A. Sanford
用自然语言描述有关比例、数量、频率、概率、信心程度和风险的信息的方式不是中性的，而是反映了预设和假定的规范。在这篇文章中，我们提出了支持这一立场的证据综述。我们表明，交际用语的选择以一种系统的方式取决于交际者所得出的推断种类。我们继续讨论归因现象的后果，推理的各个方面，对不确定性的描述，以及对问卷的回答。我们还认为，沟通者更喜欢使用语言而不是数字，这可能与人类的推理以论证为基础有关，而不是像通常所说的那样偏爱含糊不清。
The way in which information about proportions, amounts, frequencies, probabilities, degrees of confidence, and risk is portrayed in natural language is not neutral, but reflects presuppositions and assumed norms. In this paper we present a review of evidence in support of this position. We show that the choice of expressions for communication depends in a systematic way on the kinds of inferences communicators draw. We go on to discuss the consequences of this for attribution phenomena, aspects of reasoning, the portrayal of uncertainty, and responses to questionnaires. We also suggest that communicator preferences for using language rather than numbers may have to do with human reasoning being argument-based, rather than with a preference for vagueness, as has been commonly claimed.