Prenatal exposure to methyl mercury from fish consumption and polyunsaturated fatty acids: associations with child development at 20 mo of age in an observational study in the Republic of Seychelles
Prenatal exposure to methyl mercury from fish consumption and polyunsaturated fatty acids: associations with child development at 20 mo of age in an observational study in the Republic of Seychelles
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.114.100503
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Davidson, Philip W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strain, J. J.;Yeates, Alison J.;Davidson, Philip W.
背景：鱼类是n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的丰富来源，但也含有神经毒性物质甲基汞（MeHg）。多不饱和脂肪酸可能通过直接增强神经发育或间接通过炎症环境改变产前甲基汞暴露与儿童发育之间的关系。目的：目的是调查产前甲基汞暴露和母体多不饱和脂肪酸状态与20个月龄儿童发育之间的关系。设计：塞舌尔儿童发育研究营养队列2是在塞舌尔共和国进行的一项观察性研究，塞舌尔是一个高食鱼人口。母亲在怀孕期间和他们的孩子在20个月的年龄进行评估，使用贝利婴儿发育量表II（BSID-II），麦克阿瑟贝茨沟通发展量表（CDI），和婴儿行为问卷修订。有1265对母亲和孩子的完整data.Results：产前甲基汞暴露与神经发育结果没有直接的关联。甲基汞和多不饱和脂肪酸之间的显着的相互作用被发现的精神发育指数（PDI）的BSID-II。增加甲基汞与较低的PDI，但只有在儿童的母亲与较高的n-6/n-3。在n-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量较高的母亲中，甲基汞的增加与PDI的改善有关。较高的母体二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）与CDI总手势（语言发育）的改善有关，但与智力发育指数（MDI）显著相关，无论是否调整甲基汞。较高的n-6：n-3的比例与所有3 CDI outcomes.Conclusions较差的分数：我们没有发现产前甲基汞暴露和神经发育结果之间的总体不良关联。然而，母体多不饱和脂肪酸状态作为一个假定的标志物的炎症环境出现修改的关联，产前甲基汞暴露与PDI。DHA水平的增加与语言发育呈正相关，但与MDI呈负相关。这些研究结果可能表明，对于神经发育的不同方面，花生四烯酸存在最佳DHA平衡。
Background: Fish is a rich source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) but also contains the neurotoxicant methyl mercury (MeHg). PUFAs may modify the relation between prenatal MeHg exposure and child development either directly by enhancing neuro-development or indirectly through the inflammatory milieu.Objective: The objective was to investigate the associations of prenatal MeHg exposure and maternal PUFA status with child development at 20 mo of age.Design: The Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2 is an observational study in the Republic of Seychelles, a high-fish-eating population. Mothers were enrolled during pregnancy and their children evaluated at 20 mo of age by using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II (BSID-II), the MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDI), and the Infant Behavior Questionnaire Revised. There were 1265 mother-child pairs with complete data.Results: Prenatal MeHg exposure had no direct associations with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Significant interactions were found between MeHg and PUFAs on the Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) of the BSID-II. Increasing MeHg was associated with lower PDI but only in children of mothers with higher n-6/n-3. Among mothers with higher n-3 PUFAs, increasing MeHg was associated with improved PDI. Higher maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was associated with improved CDI total gestures (language development) but was significantly adversely associated with the Mental Development Index (MDI), both with and without MeHg adjustment. Higher n-6:n-3 ratios were associated with poorer scores on all 3 CDI outcomes.Conclusions: We found no overall adverse association between prenatal MeHg exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, maternal PUFA status as a putative marker of the inflammatory milieu appeared to modify the associations of prenatal MeHg exposure with the PDI. Increasing DHA status was positively associated with language development yet negatively associated with the MDI. These findings may indicate the existence of an optimal DHA balance with respect to arachidonic acid for different aspects of neurodevelopment.