Rhythmic constraints on stress timing in English
Rhythmic constraints on stress timing in English
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DOI：
10.1006/jpho.1998.0070
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发表时间：
1998-04-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Port, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cummins, F;Port, R
语音中的节奏被解释为时间上协调的韵律单位的层次组织，这与传统的语音学方法的等时性不同。语音循环，一种新的实验车辆研究节奏的限制，介绍。在言语循环任务中，受试者重复一个短语连同周期性刺激和发作事件（节拍）的时间分布进行检查。两个语音循环实验，探讨在何种程度上的一系列重复的短语内的重音间隔的相对持续时间是独立的。这些数据揭示了存在强烈的节奏限制压力的时间，迄今为止一直逃避实验。有人认为，这些限制是一个特定于任务的动力系统，其中突出的事件（压力节拍）被约束发生在特定的，可预测的，阶段的封闭周期的证据。动力系统的特点是韵律水平之间的夹带，这是一个原则，在其他活动，如运动的节奏协调。研究表明，在重复的过程中，韵律层次的嵌套是不可避免的，韵律单元的构建在一定程度上取决于所形成的节奏模式。节奏是一种组织原则，它通过构造话语，使突出事件位于更高层次韵律单位的优先阶段，其根源在于复杂动作的协调，并在韵律结构领域发挥作用。(C)出版社：Academic Press Limited。
Rhythm in speech is interpreted as the hierarchical organization of temporally coordinated prosodic units, This is a departure from conventional phonetic approaches which have focused on isochrony. Speech cycling, a novel experimental vehicle for investigating rhythmic constraints, is introduced. In a speech cycling task, subjects repeat a phrase together with a periodic stimulus and the temporal distribution of onset events (beats) is examined. Two speech cycling experiments are presented which probe the degree to which the relative durations of inter-stress intervals within a series of repeated phrases are independent. The data reveal the presence of strong rhythmic constraints on stress timing which have hitherto eluded experimenters. It is argued that these constraints are evidence for a task-specific dynamical system in which prominent events (stress beats) are constrained to occur at specific, predictable, phases of an enclosing cycle. The dynamical system is characterized by entrainment between metrical levels, a principle which underlies rhythmic coordination in other activities such as locomotion. It is demonstrated that the hierarchical nesting of metrical levels arises inevitably within a repetition task, and what is more, the construction of individual prosodic units depends to some extent on the resulting rhythmic pattern. By structuring an utterance so that prominent events lie at privileged phases of a higher-level prosodic unit, rhythm is seen as an organizational principle which has its roots in the coordination of complex action and its effect in the realm of prosodic structure. (C) 1998 Academic Press Limited.