Psychometric Functions of Dual-Task Paradigms for Measuring Listening Effort.
Psychometric Functions of Dual-Task Paradigms for Measuring Listening Effort.
复制标题
用于测量听力努力的双任务范式的心理测量功能。
DOI：
10.1097/aud.0000000000000335
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Eilers,Emily
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu,Yu-Hsiang;Stangl,Elizabeth;Zhang,Xuyang;Perkins,Joanna;Eilers,Emily
目的：本研究的目的是描述双任务听力努力测量中的任务表现与信噪比 (SNR) 函数关系的心理测量函数。设计：招募了听力正常的年轻人（YNH，n = 24；实验 1）和有听力障碍的老年人（n = 24；实验 2）。在双任务范例中，参与者同时执行主要语音识别任务和次要任务，并在较宽的 SNR 范围内进行。使用了两种不同的次要任务：简单任务（即简单的视觉反应时间任务）和困难任务（即不一致的斯特鲁普测试）。反应时间 (RT) 量化了次要任务的表现。结果：对于两个参与者组以及简单和困难的次要任务，将 RT 描述为 SNR 函数的曲线呈峰形。 RT随着SNR从有利的SNR变为中等SNR而增加，然后随着SNR从中间的SNR变为不利的SNR而减小。当参与者能够理解 30% 到 50% 的语音时，RT 达到峰值（最长时间）。在实验1和2中，具有相同SNR的双任务试验在一个区块中进行。为了确定 RT 曲线的峰值形状是否特定于这些实验中使用的阻塞 SNR 呈现顺序，招募了 YNH 参与者（n = 25；实验 3）并进行双任务测量，其中 SNR 因试验而异（即非阻塞）。结果表明，与前两个实验相似，RT曲线具有峰形。结论：中等信噪比下的次要任务表现比有利和不利信噪比下的次要任务表现要差。在 YNH 和有听力障碍的老年人参与者中都观察到了这种模式，并且不受任务类型（简单或困难的次要任务）或 SNR 呈现顺序（阻塞或非阻塞）的影响。在不利的 SNR（语音清晰度 < 30%）下，较短的 RT 可能反映出参与者经历了认知超负荷和/或脱离了听力任务。讨论了使用双任务范式作为听力努力度量的含义。
Objectives:The purpose of the study was to characterize the psychometric functions that describe task performance in dual-task listening effort measures as a function of signal to noise ratio (SNR).Design:Younger adults with normal hearing (YNH, n= 24; experiment 1) and older adults with hearing impairment (n= 24; experiment 2) were recruited. Dual-task paradigms wherein the participants performed a primary speech recognition task simultaneously with a secondary task were conducted at a wide range of SNRs. Two different secondary tasks were used: an easy task (ie, a simple visual reaction-time task) and a hard task (ie, the incongruent Stroop test). The reaction time (RT) quantified the performance of the secondary task.Results:For both participant groups and for both easy and hard secondary tasks, the curves that described the RT as a function of SNR were peak shaped. The RT increased as SNR changed from favorable to intermediate SNRs, and then decreased as SNRs moved from intermediate to unfavorable SNRs. The RT reached its peak (longest time) at the SNRs at which the participants could understand 30 to 50% of the speech. In experiments 1 and 2, the dual-task trials that had the same SNR were conducted in one block. To determine if the peak shape of the RT curves was specific to the blocked SNR presentation order used in these experiments, YNH participants were recruited (n= 25; experiment 3) and dual-task measures, wherein the SNR was varied from trial to trial (ie, nonblocked), were conducted. The results indicated that, similar to the first two experiments, the RT curves had a peak shape.Conclusions:Secondary task performance was poorer at the intermediate SNRs than at the favorable and unfavorable SNRs. This pattern was observed for both YNH and older adults with hearing impairment participants and was not affected by either task type (easy or hard secondary task) or SNR presentation order (blocked or nonblocked). The shorter RT at the unfavorable SNRs (speech intelligibility< 30%) possibly reflects that the participants experienced cognitive overload and/or disengaged themselves from the listening task. The implication of using the dual-task paradigm as a listening effort measure is discussed.