Harvested populations are more variable only in more variable environments.
Harvested populations are more variable only in more variable environments.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.2164
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Benton TG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cameron TC;O'Sullivan D;Reynolds A;Hicks JP;Piertney SB;Benton TG
环境变化和种群动态之间的相互作用非常重要，特别是对于管理和经济上重要的物种，特别是考虑到气候变化的当代变化。最近对被剥削动物种群的分析提出了争议，即剥削或环境变化是否对种群动态的稳定性产生最大影响，从而导致产量和灭绝风险的变化。然而，理论研究表明，捕捞可以增加或减少种群变异取决于环境的变化，并要求控制实证研究，以测试预测。在这里，我们在实验微观世界中使用无脊椎动物模型物种来探索选择性收获和食物可用性的环境变化之间的相互作用，以影响20代以上阶段结构动物种群的变异性。在恒定的食物环境中，收获成虫对种群变异性或种群大小的影响可以忽略不计，但在可变的食物环境中，收获成虫增加了种群变异性，减少了种群大小。收获对种群变异性的影响在比例收获和阈值收获之间、在随机和周期性变化的环境之间以及在时间序列的不同点上是不同的。我们的研究表明，预测选择性收获的反应是敏感的人口结构和过程中出现的环境与不同模式的环境变化。
The interaction between environmental variation and population dynamics is of major importance, particularly for managed and economically important species, and especially given contemporary changes in climate variability. Recent analyses of exploited animal populations contested whether exploitation or environmental variation has the greatest influence on the stability of population dynamics, with consequences for variation in yield and extinction risk. Theoretical studies however have shown that harvesting can increase or decrease population variability depending on environmental variation, and requested controlled empirical studies to test predictions. Here, we use an invertebrate model species in experimental microcosms to explore the interaction between selective harvesting and environmental variation in food availability in affecting the variability of stage‐structured animal populations over 20 generations. In a constant food environment, harvesting adults had negligible impact on population variability or population size, but in the variable food environments, harvesting adults increased population variability and reduced its size. The impact of harvesting on population variability differed between proportional and threshold harvesting, between randomly and periodically varying environments, and at different points of the time series. Our study suggests that predicting the responses to selective harvesting is sensitive to the demographic structures and processes that emerge in environments with different patterns of environmental variation.