Selection in vitro for erucic‐acid content in segregating populations of microspore‐derived embryoids of Brassica napus
Selection in vitro for erucic‐acid content in segregating populations of microspore‐derived embryoids of Brassica napus
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甘蓝型油菜小孢子胚状体分离群体中芥酸含量的体外选择
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Röbbelen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Albrecht;C. Möllers;G. Röbbelen
甘蓝型油菜的小孢子培养在优化条件下导致小孢子衍生的胚状体的再生，在子叶晚期阶段，含有大量的储存脂质，在组成上与纯合供体植物的种子中发现的那些相等或相似。在此阶段，小孢子胚状体足够大，可以在无菌条件下解剖一片子叶并测定其脂肪酸组成。胚状体的剩余部分可以进一步培养并再生以得到植物。这为在小孢子胚状体分离群体中进行脂肪酸组成的早期选择提供了可能性。为了验证这个假设。胚状体产生自F1植物的小孢子，F1植物来源于低芥酸cv的双单倍体系之间的杂交。杜普洛和高芥酸品种。Janetzki。胚状体剩余部分再生植株的子叶和种子中的二十碳烯酸（C20：1）和芥酸（C22：1）含量呈高度相关（rS = 0.85**，P = 0.01）。这表明，在高芥酸育种计划中，大多数小孢子来源的胚状体可以在体外早期阶段被丢弃。只有子叶中C20：1 + C22：1含量高的小孢子衍生的胚状体才需要转移到温室中。本文还讨论了在胚状体培养基中添加脱落酸（阿坝）以增加相关性的问题，并讨论了该系统在相应的小孢子胚状体群体中选择高油酸或低亚麻酸类型的可能应用。
Microspore culture of Brassica napus under optimized conditions leads to the regeneration of microspore-derived embryoids that, at the late cotyledonary stage, contain large amounts of storage lipids, equal or similar in composition to those found in seeds of the homozygous donor plants. At that stage, the microspore-derived embryoids are large enough to allow the dissection of one cotyledon under aseptic conditions and the determination ofits fatty-acid composition. The remaining part of the embryoid can be cultured further and regenerated to give a plant. This offers the possibility of early selection for fatty-acid composition in segregating populations of microspore-derived embryoids. In order to verify this hypothesis. embryoids were generated from microspores of F 1 plants derived from a cross between doubled haploid lines of the low-erucic-acid cv. Duplo and the high-erucic-acid cv. Janetzki. The contents of eicosenoic acid (C20:1) and erucic acid (C22:1) in the cotyledons and in the seeds derived from plants regenerated from the remaining parts of the embryoids were highly correlated (r S = 0.85**, P = 0.01). This indicates that, in breeding programmes for high erucic acid, the majority of the microspore-derived embryoids can be discarded at an early stage in in vitro. Only microspore-derived embryoids with a high content of C20:1 + C22:1 in the cotyledons need to be transferred to the greenhouse. This report also deals with the addition of abscisic acid (ABA) to the embryoid culture medium to increase the correlation, and discusses the possible application of this system for the selection of high-oleic or low-linolenic types in corresponding microspore-derived embryoid populations.