Rice fortification: An emerging opportunity to contribute to the elimination of vitamin and mineral deficiency worldwide
Rice fortification: An emerging opportunity to contribute to the elimination of vitamin and mineral deficiency worldwide
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DOI：
10.1177/156482651203300410
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Maberly, Glen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muthayya, Sumithra;Hall, Jessica;Maberly, Glen
维生素和矿物质缺乏是世界上健康状况不佳和残疾的主要原因。这些缺陷损害发育中的大脑，损害学习能力，增加感染的易感性，并降低国家的工作生产力。食品强化是减少维生素和矿物质缺乏症的可持续、具有成本效益的方法。作为估计30亿人的主食，大米有可能填补目前强化计划中的一个明显空白。近年来，新技术已经生产出强化米粒，可有效减少维生素和矿物质缺乏症。在主要稻米种植国，有机会强化大部分来自大型米尔斯工厂的稻米，这些工厂供应集中市场和国家福利方案。每年处理3 000万公吨大米的大米出口市场也提供了一个重要的强化机会。强化大米的成本仅为当前大米零售价的1.5%至3%。强制要求强化稻米营养的国家有最有力的证据证明可以实现广泛的覆盖面和影响。水稻强化资源集团（RiFoRG）是一个由公共和私营合作伙伴组成的全球网络，为水稻强化提供技术和宣传支持，其愿景是在全球范围内推广水稻强化。它有一个有针对性的方法，在机会最大的关键国家与多部门合作伙伴接触，并接受早日采用大规模的大米营养强化。挑战是真实的，解决这些挑战的必要性是强大的，实现大米强化承诺的机会是明确的。
Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are ranked among the top causes of poor health and disability in the world. These deficiencies damage developing brains, impair learning ability, increase susceptibility to infections, and reduce the work productivity of nations. Food fortification is a sustainable, cost-effective approach to reducing vitamin and mineral deficiency. As the staple food for an estimated 3 billion people, rice has the potential to fill an obvious gap in current fortification programs. In recent years, new technologies have produced fortified rice kernels that are efficacious in reducing vitamin and mineral deficiency. There are opportunities to fortify a significant share of rice that comes from large mills supplying centralized markets and national welfare programs in major rice-growing countries. The rice export markets, which handle 30 million MT of rice annually, also present a key fortification opportunity. The cost of fortifying rice is only 1.5% to 3% of the current retail price of rice. Countries that mandate rice fortification have the strongest evidence for achieving wide coverage and impact. The Rice Fortification Resource Group (RiFoRG), a global network of public and private partners that offers technical and advocacy support for rice fortification, has a vision of promoting rice fortification worldwide. It has a targeted approach, engaging multisector partners in key countries where the opportunities are greatest and there is receptivity to early adoption of large-scale rice fortification. The challenges are real, the imperative to address them is powerful, and the opportunities to deliver the promise of rice fortification are clear.