The fully coupled regionally refined model of E3SM version 2: overview of the atmosphere, land, and river results-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.5194/gmd-16-3953-2023

发表时间：

2023-07

期刊：

Geoscientific Model Development

影响因子：

5.1

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

地球科学2区

文献类型：

作者：

Q. Tang;J. Golaz;Luke P. van Roekel;M. Taylor;Wuyin Lin;B. Hillman;P. Ullrich;A. Bradley;O. Guba;J. Wolfe;Tian Zhou;Kai Zhang;Xue Zheng;Yunyan Zhang;Meng Zhang;Mingxuan Wu;Hailong Wang;C. Tao;Balwinder Singh;Alan Michael Rhoades;Yi Qin;Hong‐Yi Li;Yan Feng;Yuying Zhang;Chengzhu Zhang;C. Zender;S. Xie;E. Roesler;A. F. Roberts;A. Mametjanov;M. Maltrud;N. Keen;R. Jacob;C. Jablonowski;Owen K. Hughes;Ryan M. Forsyth;A. D. Di Vittorio;P. Caldwell;G. Bisht;R. McCoy;L. Leung;D. Bader

抽象的。本文概述了美国能源部(DOE)的能量尺度地球系统模式第2版(E3SMv2)的全耦合区域细化模式(RRM)，并记录了耦合模式国际比较项目6(CMIP6)甲板(Klima的诊断、评估和表征)和历史模拟的总体大气、陆地和河流结果，这是使用RRM进行的第一套气候生产模拟。北美(NA)RRM(NARRM)是作为E3SMv2的高分辨率配置而开发的，主要目标是更明确地满足美国能源部在面对地球系统变化对美国能源部门的影响方面的任务需求。NARRM具有以北美为中心的更精细的水平分辨率网格，包括25→100公里的大气和陆地，0.125∘的河流路径模式，以及14→60公里的海洋和海冰。根据设计，NARRM在100公里处的计算量是均匀低分辨率(LR)模式的∼3倍，而在25公里处仅为全球均匀高分辨率模式的∼10%~20%。一种新颖的大气混合时间步长策略是NARRM在不牺牲整体性能的情况下在高分辨率区域内实现更高的气候模拟逼真度的关键。全球气候，包括气候学、时间序列、敏感性和反馈，被确认为NARRM和LR在很大程度上是相同的，用典型的气候度量进行量化。在精炼的北美地区，NARRM通常优于LR，包括美国邻近地区(CONUS)的降水和云、加利福尼亚州海岸外的夏季海洋层积云、北极地区附近的液态云和冰相云、温带气旋和陆地水文过程的空间变异性。对陆地的改进与NARRM中分辨率更好的地形有关，而对海洋的改进则归因于大气、海洋和海冰的更细网格的海气相互作用的改善。一些特征对分辨率的变化似乎不敏感，例如CONUS上有组织的中尺度对流系统的日传播和大平原南部暖季的陆地-大气耦合。总之，我们的研究提出了一种实际有效的方法来利用完全耦合的RRM框架来发布标准地球系统模型和高分辨率气候生产模拟。

Abstract. This paper provides an overview of the United States (US) Department of Energy's (DOE's) Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 2 (E3SMv2) fully coupled regionally refined model (RRM) and documents the overall atmosphere, land, and river results from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) DECK (Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Characterization of Klima) and historical simulations – a first-of-its-kind set of climate production simulations using RRM. The North American (NA) RRM (NARRM) is developed as the high-resolution configuration of E3SMv2 with the primary goal of more explicitly addressing DOE's mission needs regarding impacts to the US energy sector facing Earth system changes. The NARRM features finer horizontal resolution grids centered over NA, consisting of 25→100 km atmosphere and land, a 0.125∘ river-routing model, and 14→60 km ocean and sea ice. By design, the computational cost of NARRM is ∼3× of the uniform low-resolution (LR) model at 100 km but only ∼ 10 %–20 % of a globally uniform high-resolution model at 25 km. A novel hybrid time step strategy for the atmosphere is key for NARRM to achieve improved climate simulation fidelity within the high-resolution patch without sacrificing the overall global performance. The global climate, including climatology, time series, sensitivity, and feedback, is confirmed to be largely identical between NARRM and LR as quantified with typical climate metrics. Over the refined NA area, NARRM is generally superior to LR, including for precipitation and clouds over the contiguous US (CONUS), summertime marine stratocumulus clouds off the coast of California, liquid and ice phase clouds near the North Pole region, extratropical cyclones, and spatial variability in land hydrological processes. The improvements over land are related to the better-resolved topography in NARRM, whereas those over ocean are attributable to the improved air–sea interactions with finer grids for both atmosphere and ocean and sea ice. Some features appear insensitive to the resolution change analyzed here, for instance the diurnal propagation of organized mesoscale convective systems over CONUS and the warm-season land–atmosphere coupling at the southern Great Plains. In summary, our study presents a realistically efficient approach to leverage the fully coupled RRM framework for a standard Earth system model release and high-resolution climate production simulations.

The fully coupled regionally refined model of E3SM version 2: overview of the atmosphere, land, and river results

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