Metabolomics reveals herbivore-induced metabolites of resistance and susceptibility in maize leaves and roots
Metabolomics reveals herbivore-induced metabolites of resistance and susceptibility in maize leaves and roots
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DOI：
10.1111/pce.12002
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Wolfender, Jean-Luc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marti, Guillaume;Erb, Matthias;Wolfender, Jean-Luc
植物对食草动物的反应是重新编程它们的新陈代谢。在这方面的大多数研究都集中在局部诱导的化合物，作为毒素或喂养威慑。我们开发了一种基于超高压液相色谱飞行时间质谱（UHPLC-TOF-MS）的代谢组学方法，以评估玉米叶片，汁液，根系和根系分泌物中的局部和系统性草食动物诱导的变化，而无需对其功能进行任何事先假设。从受斜纹夜蛾侵染的玉米幼苗中鉴定出32个差异调节的化合物，并通过微流核磁共振（CapNMR）进行结构归属。通过高通量直接纳米注入串联质谱/质谱（MS/MS）方法定量9种化合物。叶侵染导致1，3-苯并恶嗪-4-酮、磷脂、N-羟基肉桂酰酪胺、壬二酸和色氨酸的局部显著增加。根系代谢物组变化不大，但1，3-苯并恶嗪-4-酮在维管液和根系分泌物中含量增加。N-羟基肉桂酰酪胺在食虫动物相互作用中的作用尚不清楚，因此我们测试了主要的对香豆酰酪胺对S.海滨鱼出乎意料的是，p-香豆酰酪胺被幼虫代谢并增加幼虫生长，可能是通过向昆虫提供额外的氮。两者合计，这项研究表明，草食动物的攻击导致诱导的代谢产物，可以有对比的影响，在叶和根的草食动物的抗性。
Plants respond to herbivory by reprogramming their metabolism. Most research in this context has focused on locally induced compounds that function as toxins or feeding deterrents. We developed an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TOF-MS)-based metabolomics approach to evaluate local and systemic herbivore-induced changes in maize leaves, sap, roots and root exudates without any prior assumptions about their function. Thirty-two differentially regulated compounds were identified from Spodoptera littoralis-infested maize seedlings and isolated for structure assignment by microflow nuclear magnetic resonance (CapNMR). Nine compounds were quantified by a high throughput direct nano-infusion tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method. Leaf infestation led to a marked local increase of 1,3-benzoxazin-4-ones, phospholipids, N-hydroxycinnamoyltyramines, azealic acid and tryptophan. Only few changes were found in the root metabolome, but 1,3-benzoxazin-4-ones increased in the vascular sap and root exudates. The role of N-hydroxycinnamoyltyramines in plantherbivore interactions is unknown, and we therefore tested the effect of the dominating p-coumaroyltyramine on S. littoralis. Unexpectedly, p-coumaroyltyramine was metabolized by the larvae and increased larval growth, possibly by providing additional nitrogen to the insect. Taken together, this study illustrates that herbivore attack leads to the induction of metabolites that can have contrasting effects on herbivore resistance in the leaves and roots.