Odorant Receptor Desensitization in Insects.
Odorant Receptor Desensitization in Insects.
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DOI：
10.1177/1179069517748600
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo H;Smith DP
昆虫和其他节肢动物传播毁灭性的人类疾病，这些媒介使用化学感官来攻击人类。了解这些动物如何检测，响应和适应挥发性气味可能会导致新的方法来破坏这些害虫的宿主定位或配偶识别。在过去的十年里，在了解节肢动物的气味检测方面取得了显着进展。昆虫使用气味门控离子通道，首先在果蝇中发现，以检测挥发性化学物质。在果蝇中，60个“调谐”受体亚基联合收割机与一个共同的亚基Orco（气味受体辅助受体）结合形成配体门控离子通道。昆虫气味受体脱敏的机制在很大程度上是未知的。最近的工作表明，丝氨酸289上的共享Orco亚基的去磷酸化是负责缓慢，气味诱导的受体脱敏。去磷酸化对受体蛋白的定位没有影响，并且在没有气味的情况下嗅觉神经元的激活足以诱导去磷酸化和脱敏。这些发现揭示了在这一重要的疾病媒介群中受体调节的主要组成部分，并暗示了在这一过程中的第二信使反馈机制。
Insects and other arthropods transmit devastating human diseases, and these vectors use chemical senses to target humans. Understanding how these animals detect, respond, and adapt to volatile odorants may lead to novel ways to disrupt host localization or mate recognition in these pests. The past decade has led to remarkable progress in understanding odorant detection in arthropods. Insects use odorant-gated ion channels, first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, to detect volatile chemicals. In flies, 60 “tuning” receptor subunits combine with a common subunit, Orco (odorant receptor coreceptor) to form ligand-gated ion channels. The mechanisms underlying odorant receptor desensitization in insects are largely unknown. Recent work reveals that dephosphorylation of serine 289 on the shared Orco subunit is responsible for slow, odor-induced receptor desensitization. Dephosphorylation has no effect on the localization of the receptor protein, and activation of the olfactory neurons in the absence of odor is sufficient to induce dephosphorylation and desensitization. These findings reveal a major component of receptor modulation in this important group of disease vectors, and implicate a second messenger feedback mechanism in this process.