Effects of different methods of non-lethal tissue sampling on butterflies
Effects of different methods of non-lethal tissue sampling on butterflies
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2311.2011.01272.x
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Keyghobadi, Nusha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Koscinski, Daria;Crawford, Lindsay A.;Keyghobadi, Nusha
1.我们调查了两种方法的非致命组织采样后释放飞行行为（短期反应）和生存（长期反应）的两种蝴蝶，粉蝶和Coenaprapha tullia，在同一自然栖息地的影响。我们采用了三种治疗方法：对照组（无组织切除）、翼部修剪和腿部切除。我们的研究是第一次直接比较这些常见的抽样方法的效果。我们监测蝴蝶的飞行行为后，立即释放个人。在99个行为试验中，对鼠蚤和101个C. tullia我们发现在两个物种中，在处理组之间，飞行时间或单位时间位移的比例没有显着差异。我们在整个飞行季节连续使用标准标记重捕技术来比较个体的存活率。共鉴定出687株P.raidalum和490株C.郁金香蝴蝶我们发现两个物种的治疗之间的存活率没有显着差异。我们发现，在P.raismus的生存和飞行行为的C。塔莉亚除了表明两性之间的生态差异外，这些结果还表明，我们的分析足够强大，可以检测到组织去除的显着影响。我们的工作是一个重要的补充，积累的证据表明，这些方法的非致命性组织采样通常是无害的。这些采样技术非常接近野外的条件，因为翅膀磨损和腿部损失是自然发生的。
1. We investigated the effects of two methods of non-lethal tissue sampling on post-release flight behaviour (short-term response) and survival (long-term response) of two butterflies, Pieris rapae and Coenonympha tullia, within the same natural habitat. We applied three treatments: control ( no tissue removal), wing clipping, and leg removal. Our study is the first to directly compare the effects of these common sampling methods.2. We monitored the flight behaviour of the butterflies by following individuals immediately after their release. In 99 behaviour trials of P. rapae and 101 of C. tullia we found no significant differences in proportion of time spent flying or displacement per unit time among treatment groups in either species.3. We used standard mark-recapture techniques continuously throughout the flight season to compare the survival of individuals. We marked a total of 687 P. rapae and 490 C. tullia butterflies. We found no significant differences in survival among treatments in either species.4. We detected differences between the sexes in survival in P. rapae and flight behaviour in C. tullia. In addition to indicating differences in ecology between the sexes, these results also suggest that our analyses were sufficiently powerful to detect a significant effect of tissue removal had such an effect existed.5. Our work is an important addition to the accumulating evidence that these methods of non-lethal tissue sampling are generally not detrimental. These sampling techniques closely mimic conditions in the wild, as wing wear and leg losses occur naturally.