Targeted memory reactivation during sleep boosts intentional forgetting of spatial locations
Targeted memory reactivation during sleep boosts intentional forgetting of spatial locations
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-59019-x
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发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Eitan Schechtman;S. Witkowski;Anna Lampe;Brianna J. Wilson;K. Paller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eitan Schechtman;S. Witkowski;Anna Lampe;Brianna J. Wilson;K. Paller
尽管我们每天都会经历数以千计的不同事件，但能够被记住的事件却相对较少。人类有意识地控制哪些事件将被记住的能力已经通过使用带有指令的学习程序来证明，以故意避免将特定的项目记入记忆中。在这项研究中，我们使用了基于项目的定向遗忘程序的变体，并指示参与者记住一些图像的位置，但不记住网格上其他图像的位置。这些指令是通过一组听觉提示传达的。然后，在午睡期间，我们不引人注意地提出了一个提示，用于指导参与者避免将某些图像的位置牢记在心。睡眠后，与睡眠期间未呈现的声音相关的那些与呈现的声音相关的被遗忘的图像位置的记忆较差。我们得出的结论是，睡眠期间的记忆处理不仅可以保护记忆存储，还可以削弱它。鉴于有意抑制可能会被用来削弱不愉快的记忆，这种基于睡眠的策略可能有助于加速治疗与记忆相关的疾病，例如创伤后应激障碍。
Although we experience thousands of distinct events on a daily basis, relatively few are committed to memory. The human capacity to intentionally control which events will be remembered has been demonstrated using learning procedures with instructions to purposely avoid committing specific items to memory. In this study, we used a variant of the item-based directed-forgetting procedure and instructed participants to memorize the location of some images but not others on a grid. These instructions were conveyed using a set of auditory cues. Then, during an afternoon nap, we unobtrusively presented a cue that was used to instruct participant to avoid committing the locations of some images to memory. After sleep, memory was worse for to-be-forgotten image locations associated with the presented sound relative to those associated with a sound that was not presented during sleep. We conclude that memory processing during sleep can serve not only to secure memory storage but also to weaken it. Given that intentional suppression may be used to weaken unpleasant memories, such sleep-based strategies may help accelerate treatments for memory-related disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder.