Statistical Signs of Social Influence on Suicides
Statistical Signs of Social Influence on Suicides
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DOI：
10.1038/srep06239
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Andrade, Jose S., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Melo, Hygor Piaget M.;Moreira, Andre A.;Andrade, Jose S., Jr.
通过将自杀视为一种社会事实，涂尔干设想自杀率应该由人与社会之间的联系决定。在同一框架下，他认为犯罪与所有社会生活的基本条件密切相关。社会对凶杀案发生的影响以前已经得到证实，并在这里得到证实，在超线性比例关系方面：通过使巴西城市的人口增加一倍，凶杀案数量平均增加135%，而不是预期的等距增加100%，例如，由于车祸造成的死亡率。在这里，我们提出的社会影响的统计标志在城市自杀发生。继凶杀案（超线性）和致命的车祸事件（等距），我们发现自杀人数和城市人口之间的次线性缩放行为，异速生长幂律指数，β = 0.84 +/- 0.02和0.87 +/- 0.01，分别为巴西和美国县的所有城市。同样对于美国的自杀事件，但使用大都市统计区（MSA），我们得到β = 0.88 +/- 0.01。
By treating the suicide as a social fact, Durkheim envisaged that suicide rates should be determined by the connections between people and society. Under the same framework, he considered that crime is bound up with the fundamental conditions of all social life. The social effect on the occurrence of homicides has been previously substantiated, and confirmed here, in terms of a superlinear scaling relation: by doubling the population of a Brazilian city results in an average increment of 135% in the number of homicides, rather than the expected isometric increase of 100%, as found, for example, for the mortality due to car crashes. Here we present statistical signs of the social influence on the suicide occurrence in cities. Differently from homicides (superlinear) and fatal events in car crashes (isometric), we find sublinear scaling behavior between the number of suicides and city population, with allometric power-law exponents, beta = 0.84 +/- 0.02 and 0.87 +/- 0.01, for all cities in Brazil and US counties, respectively. Also for suicides in US, but using the Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), we obtain beta = 0.88 +/- 0.01.