Chronic oiling in global oceans
Chronic oiling in global oceans
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abm5940
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发表时间：
2022-06-17
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Lu, Yingcheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dong, Yanzhu;Liu, Yongxue;Lu, Yingcheng
海洋浮油可归因于自然渗漏或人为排放。迄今为止，它们的分布以及相对的自然和人为贡献的全球情况仍不清楚。在这里，通过分析 2014 年至 2019 年的 563,705 张 Sentinel-1 图像，我们提供了第一个全球浮油地图以及静态和持久源（自然渗漏、平台和管道）的详细清单。约90%的浮油分布在距海岸线160公里范围内，其中21条高密度浮油带与航线吻合良好。按光滑面积量化，人为排放的比例比自然渗漏大一个数量级（94% 对 6%），这与 1990-1999 年期间按体积量化的先前估计值（54% 对 46%）形成鲜明对比。我们的研究结果表明，目前人为造成的海洋石油污染可能被大大低估了。
Ocean oil slicks can be attributed to natural seepages or to anthropogenic discharges. To date, the global picture of their distribution and relative natural and anthropogenic contributions remains unclear. Here, by analyzing 563,705 Sentinel-1 images from 2014-2019, we provide the first global map of oil slicks and a detailed inventory of static-and-persistent sources (natural seeps, platforms, and pipelines). About 90% of oil slicks were within 160 kilometers of shorelines, with 21 high-density slick belts coinciding well with shipping routes. Quantified by slick area, the proportion of anthropogenic discharges was an order of magnitude greater than natural seepages (94 versus 6%), in contrast to the previous estimate quantified by volume during 1990-1999 (54 versus 46%). Our findings reveal that the present-day anthropogenic contribution to marine oil pollution may have been substantially underestimated.