Environmental and Genetic Factors Explain Differences in Intraocular Scattering
Environmental and Genetic Factors Explain Differences in Intraocular Scattering
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DOI：
10.1167/iovs.15-17897
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Artal, Pablo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benito, Antonio;Hervella, Lucia;Artal, Pablo
目的.研究遗传和环境因素对经典双生子研究中眼内散射变异性的相对影响。共64对双胞胎，32单卵（MZ）（平均年龄：54.9 +/- 6.3岁）和32双卵（DZ）（平均年龄：56.4 +/- 7.0岁），进行了全面的眼科检查后进行了测量，以排除所有增加眼内散射白内障的眼部病变。通过使用基于杂散光参数log（S）估计的两种不同技术评估眼内散射：基于光学积分原理的紧凑型光学仪器和心理物理测量。组内相关系数（ICC）被用作描述性统计的双胞胎相似性，和遗传模型拟合估计遗传力。MZ组和DZ组的年龄差异无统计学意义（P = 0.203），最佳矫正视力（P = 0.626），白内障分级（P = 0.701），性别（P = 0.941）、光学对数（S）（P = 0.386）或心理物理学对数（S）（P = 0.568），等效球镜仅存在微小差异（P = 0.008）。兄弟姐妹之间散射参数的组内相关系数相似：光学日志（S）在MZ双胞胎中为0.676，在DZ双胞胎中为0.471;心理物理日志（S）在MZ双胞胎中为0.533，在DZ双胞胎中为0.475。对于等效球体，MZ和DZ双胞胎的ICC分别为0.767和0.228。测量的散射参数的遗传度的保守估计分别为0.39和0.20。结论。同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎组的眼内散射（杂散光）参数的相关性相似。遗传力估计是有限的幅度，表明遗传和环境因素决定了健康中年人的眼杂散光的变化。
PURPOSE. To study the relative impact of genetic and environmental factors on the variability of intraocular scattering within a classical twin study.METHODS. A total of 64 twin pairs, 32 monozygotic (MZ) (mean age: 54.9 +/- 6.3 years) and 32 dizygotic (DZ) (mean age: 56.4 +/- 7.0 years), were measured after a complete ophthalmologic exam had been performed to exclude all ocular pathologies that increase intraocular scatter as cataracts. Intraocular scattering was evaluated by using two different techniques based on a straylight parameter log(S) estimation: a compact optical instrument based in the principle of optical integration and a psychophysical measurement. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used as descriptive statistics of twin resemblance, and genetic models were fitted to estimate heritability.RESULTS. No statistically significant difference was found for MZ and DZ groups for age (P = 0.203), best-corrected visual acuity (P = 0.626), cataract gradation (P = 0.701), sex (P = 0.941), optical log(S) (P = 0.386), or psychophysical log(S) (P = 0.568), with only a minor difference in equivalent sphere (P = 0.008). Intraclass correlation coefficients between siblings were similar for scatter parameters: 0.676 in MZ and 0.471 in DZ twins for optical log(S); 0.533 in MZ twins and 0.475 in DZ twins for psychophysical log(S). For equivalent sphere, ICCs were 0.767 in MZ and 0.228 in DZ twins. Conservative estimates of heritability for the measured scattering parameters were 0.39 and 0.20, respectively.CONCLUSIONS. Correlations of intraocular scatter (straylight) parameters in the groups of identical and nonidentical twins were similar. Heritability estimates were of limited magnitude, suggesting that genetic and environmental factors determine the variance of ocular straylight in healthy middle-aged adults.