Monitoring the Magmas Fuelling Volcanic Eruptions in Near-real-time Using X-ray Micro-computed Tomography

Monitoring the Magmas Fuelling Volcanic Eruptions in Near-real-time Using X-ray Micro-computed Tomography
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使用 X 射线微计算机断层扫描近实时监测促进火山喷发的岩浆

DOI:
10.1093/petrology/egt079
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Pankhurst M
Pankhurst M
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pankhurst M

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本文介绍了X射线微计算机断层扫描技术的一种新应用,它可用于快速表征喷发玄武岩中天然橄榄石晶体的化学群。这种技术可以在火山危机期间部署,以近实时的方式直接跟踪喷发系统中岩浆成分的变化。这种变化是控制喷发方式、持续时间和强度的根本。我们展示了一种可以在几小时内从数百个晶体中生成数据的方法,该方法允许记录和解释时间序列岩石学数据以及各种补充监测技术(例如地震活动性,地面变形)。我们的直接探测将使我们能够更好地了解次火山岩浆管道系统的动态,并可以为火山喷发如何演变提供重要的见解。同样的技术也可以用来以比传统方法更有效的方式从地质记录中的喷发序列生成丰富的基线数据集。
A novel application of X-ray micro-computed tomography is described, which can be used to rapidly characterize chemical populations of natural olivine crystals in erupted basalts. This technique can be deployed during volcanic crises to directly track changes in magma components of an erupting system in near-real-time. Such changes are fundamental in controlling eruption style, duration and intensity. We demonstrate a method that can generate data from hundreds of crystals within hours, which allows time-series petrological data to be recorded and interpreted alongside various complementary monitoring techniques (e.g. seismicity, ground deformation). Our direct-detection will allow greater understanding of the dynamics of sub-volcanic magma plumbing systems, and can provide important insights into how an eruption may evolve. The same technique can also be used to generate rich baseline datasets from eruption sequences in the geological record in a more efficient manner than conventional methods allow.
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