Stationary vortex clusters in nonrotating Bose-Einstein condensates
Stationary vortex clusters in nonrotating Bose-Einstein condensates
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.71.033626
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发表时间：
2005-03
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
M. Möttönen;S. Virtanen;T. Isoshima;M. Salomaa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Möttönen;S. Virtanen;T. Isoshima;M. Salomaa
我们研究了在非旋转阱约束下稀原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中最近发现的静止涡旋簇态，并给出了一个静止的三涡旋簇。我们通过直接最小化平稳Gross-Pitaevskii方程的误差范数来找到平稳状态，并通过求解相应的Bogoliubov方程来研究结果状态的动力和能量稳定性。通过对随时间变化的Gross-Pitaevskii方程的积分验证了结果。与先前报道的结果相反，观察到稳态在能量和动态上都不稳定。星团的动态衰减率通常非常慢，但它应该是可以通过实验观察到的。最有希望实验产生和观察这些结构及其动力学的环境是在弱耗散凝聚系统中，使用相印迹技术。
We investigate the recently found stationary vortex cluster states in dilute atomic Bose-Einstein condensates confined by a nonrotating trap, and also present a stationary three-vortex cluster. We find the stationary states by minimizing directly an error norm for the stationary Gross-Pitaevskii equation, and study the dynamic and energetic stability of the resulting states by solving the corresponding Bogoliubov equations for the elementary excitations. The results are verified by integrating the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Contrary to previously reported results, the stationary states were observed to be both energetically and dynamically unstable. The dynamical decay rate of the clusters is typically very slow, but it should be experimentally observable. The most promising circumstances to experimentally generate and observe these structures and their dynamics is in weakly dissipative condensate systems, using phase-imprinting techniques.