Invasive crayfish reduce food limitation of alien American mink and increase their resilience to control.
Invasive crayfish reduce food limitation of alien American mink and increase their resilience to control.
复制标题
入侵小龙虾减少了外来美洲水貂的食物限制，并提高了它们的控制能力。
DOI：
10.1007/s00442-013-2774-9
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Melero Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Melero Y
在多重入侵的生态系统中，入侵物种之间的营养关系可能会减少相对于原始生态系统的食物限制，并增加对控制的恢复力。在这里，我们考虑是否入侵掠夺美国minkNeovison visonare营养补贴入侵小龙虾。我们整理了有关水貂种群密度和家域大小与水貂饮食中小龙虾流行率的文献数据。然后，我们测试了这样的假设：当入侵性捕食者能够获得超级丰富的非本土猎物时，即使密度依赖没有变化，因此补偿能力也没有变化，入侵性捕食者的种群也会达到更高的密度，并且对致命控制更有弹性。我们发现了一个强大的正相关关系的比例小龙虾在水貂饮食和水貂的人口密度，和小龙虾在水貂饮食的比例和水貂的家庭范围大小之间的负相关关系，与小龙虾的水貂饮食的贡献，反映了他们在生态系统中的丰度。然后，我们探讨了水貂密度升高的后果，通过模拟一个假设的根除计划，在一个Ricker模型中的一个恒定的收获。我们发现，水貂种群在小龙虾的存在下对收获更具弹性。因此，如果承载能力增加630%，则在存在大量小龙虾的情况下，为实现根除而收获的水貂的模拟数量增加了500%。这导致在恒定收获下根除时间增加三倍，累计管理成本增加约20倍。我们的研究结果增加了入侵物种种间积极相互作用的证据，我们的简单模型说明了这是如何增加管理成本的。
Trophic relationships between invasive species in multiply invaded ecosystems may reduce food limitation relative to more pristine ecosystems and increase resilience to control. Here, we consider whether invasive predatory American minkNeovison visonare trophically subsidized by invasive crayfish. We collated data from the literature on density and home range size of mink populations in relation to the prevalence of crayfish in the diet of mink. We then tested the hypothesis that populations of an invasive predator reach higher densities and are more resilient to lethal control when they have access to super-abundant non-native prey, even in the absence of changes in density dependence, hence compensatory capacity. We found a strong positive relationship between the proportion of crayfish in mink diet and mink population density, and a negative relationship between the proportion of crayfish in mink diet and mink home range size, with crayfish contribution to mink diet reflecting their abundance in the ecosystem. We then explored the consequence of elevated mink density by simulating a hypothetical eradication program with a constant harvest in a Ricker model. We found that mink populations were more resilient to harvest in the presence of crayfish. As a result, the simulated number of mink harvested to achieve eradication increased by 500 % in the presence of abundant crayfish if carrying capacity increased by 630 %. This led to a threefold increase in time to eradication under a constant harvest and an approximately 20-fold increase in the cumulative management cost. Our results add to evidence of inter-specific positive interactions involving invasive species, and our simple model illustrates how this increases management cost.