Arctic Indigenous Peoples as Representations and Representatives of Climate Change
Arctic Indigenous Peoples as Representations and Representatives of Climate Change
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北极原住民作为气候变化的代表和代表
DOI：
10.1177/0306312707083665
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
M. Martello
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Martello
《北极气候影响评估》中介绍的最近科学研究结果表明，北极现在正在发生气候变化，其速度比世界其他地方快，对北极人民（特别是土著人民）和地球其他地方产生重大影响。本文探讨了北极土著人民的科学和政治代表性，这些代表性对这些主张的产生和表达至关重要。ACIA采用新的形式和代表性的战略，反映了不断变化的概念模型和全球变化科学的实践，并将土著人民描绘为专家，异国情调和风险。这些描绘是与北极土著人民日益增长的政治活动同时出现的，他们在倡导气候变化减缓政策时，将自己视为气候变化本身的代表或体现。这些相互构成的代表形式表明，看待全球环境的科学方式塑造了全球公民的公共形象和声音，并被其塑造。同样，北极土著活动家的权威、可信度和知名度部分源于他们作为风险专家的地位，这种地位得到了新的科学框架和方法的支持，这些框架和方法承认并依赖土著人民的当地经验和知识。对北极气候变化的科学和政治表征之间关系的分析建立在科学和技术研究（STS）可视化奖学金的基础上，挑战了全球化的传统观念，并提出了全球气候变化研究中的权力和责任问题。
Recent scientific findings, as presented in the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), indicate that climate change in the Arctic is happening now, at a faster rate than elsewhere in the world, and with major implications for peoples of the Arctic (especially indigenous peoples) and the rest of the planet. This paper examines scientific and political representations of Arctic indigenous peoples that have been central to the production and articulation of these claims. ACIA employs novel forms and strategies of representation that reflect changing conceptual models and practices of global change science and depict indigenous peoples as expert, exotic, and at-risk. These portrayals emerge alongside the growing political activism of Arctic indigenous peoples who present themselves as representatives or embodiments of climate change itself as they advocate for climate change mitigation policies. These mutually constitutive forms of representation suggest that scientific ways of seeing the global environment shape and are shaped by the public image and voice of global citizens. Likewise, the authority, credibility, and visibility of Arctic indigenous activists derive, in part, from their status as at-risk experts, a status buttressed by new scientific frameworks and methods that recognize and rely on the local experiences and knowledges of indigenous peoples. Analyses of these relationships linking scientific and political representations of Arctic climate change build upon science and technology studies (STS) scholarship on visualization, challenge conventional notions of globalization, and raise questions about power and accountability in global climate change research.