Agricultural lands key to mitigation and adaptation-Response
Agricultural lands key to mitigation and adaptation-Response
复制标题
农业用地是减缓和适应的关键-响应
DOI：
10.1126/science.aba7577
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Morecroft M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morecroft M
MD Morecroft等人在其《衡量陆地生态系统适应和减缓气候变化的成功程度》（2019年12月13日，第eaaw9256页）综述中忽视了农业用地的作用。尽管农业生态系统的碳密度低于森林，但可利用的土地面积（约2220万平方公里）(1)以及它们得到积极管理的事实使它们成为一个重要的减缓机会(1)。在全球范围内，农田土壤每年可以额外吸收0.90至18.5亿吨碳（Gt C）(2)，大致相当于目前土地利用变化造成的排放量(2)。据估计，在整个欧盟，农林业每年可封存16亿吨碳，约占欧盟年排放量的37%(3)。在全球范围内，农林业约占34亿吨碳(1)。农林复合和土壤肥力综合管理等干预措施也能带来巨大的适应效益(4)。Morecroft等人对适应的报道几乎完全集中在生物多样性保护的共同利益上。生计几乎没有被提及。特别是在热带地区，风暴、干旱和洪水等严重的气候事件与贫困相互作用，造成重大的人道主义灾难[例如，(5)]。詹妮弗•西尔斯（Jennifer Sills）认为，对全球约5亿小农的适应意味着增加收入，使作物和收入来源多样化，并通过改善土壤和其他自然资源的管理来增强抵御能力。此外，仅靠生境保护和生态恢复不足以保护生物多样性。必须以保护生物多样性的方式管理农业用地，通过增加农场树木和采用农业生态方法来管理作物。Rhett D. Harrison1*， Anja Gassner2 1世界农林业，赞比亚卢萨卡2世界农林业，国际水稻研究所，菲律宾拉古纳。
In their Review “Measuring the success of climate change adaptation and mitigation in terrestrial ecosystems”(13 December 2019, p. eaaw9256), MD Morecroft et al. ignored the role of agricultural land. Although the carbon density of agricultural ecosystems is lower than for forests, the land area available (~ 22.2 million km2)(1) and the fact that they are actively managed make them an important mitigation opportunity (1). Globally, cropland soils could sequester an additional 0.90 to 1.85 gigatons of carbon (Gt C) per year (2), approximately equivalent to the current emissions resulting from land-use change (2). Across the European Union, it has been estimated that agroforestry could sequester 1.6 Gt C per year, or approximately 37% of the European Un ion’s annual emissions (3). Globally, agroforestry accounts for~ 34 Gt C (1). Interventions such as agroforestry and integrated soil fertility management also deliver substantial adaptation benefits (4). Morecroft et al.’s coverage of adaptation was almost entirely focused on the co-benefits for biodiversity conservation. Livelihoods were barely mentioned. Especially in the tropics, severe climatic events, such as storms, droughts, and floods, interact with poverty to cause major humanitarian disasters [eg,(5)]. Adaptation for the world’s approximately 500 million smallholder farmers (6) meansEdited by Jennifer Sills increasing incomes, diversifying crops and income sources, and enhancing resilience through improved management of soils and other natural resources. Moreover, habitat protection and ecological restoration alone will not suffice to conserve biodiversity. It is imperative that agricultural lands are managed in a way that conserves biodiversity, through increasing trees on farms and adopting agroecological approaches to crop management. Rhett D. Harrison1* and Anja Gassner2 1World Agroforestry, Lusaka, Zambia. 2World Agroforestry, International Rice Research Institute, Laguna, Philippines.