FACTORS INFLUENCING ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN TOBACCO BUDWORMS
FACTORS INFLUENCING ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN TOBACCO BUDWORMS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1021/jf60181a061
复制
发表时间：
1972-01-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
WHITTEN, CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BULL, DL;WHITTEN, CJ
在得克萨斯州、墨西哥和中美洲的某些地区，广泛使用甲基敌百虫来防治棉花害虫，显然已导致烟芽夜蛾Heliothis virescens（F.）（Adkisson，1969; Nemec和Adkisson，1969）。这种重要的害虫已经对有机氯和氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂具有高度抗药性（Adkisson，1968年），现在出现OP抗药性，迫使某些地区削减棉花产量，并威胁到其他地区，因为目前的化学品不再能实现经济控制（Adkisson，1969年）。对烟草芽虫的敏感（S）和OP抗性（R）品系的初步研究表明，抗性与R昆虫解毒能力的增加有关（Whitten和Bull，1970年）。因此，我们比较了R和S烟草芽虫中杀虫剂代谢的某些机制，并评估了它们在OP抗性发展中的相对重要性。大部分代谢研究都是使用放射性标记（5 mCi/mmol）GC-6506-砜[I;对-（甲基-14 C-磺酰基）苯基磷酸二甲酯]进行的，该物质是通过对-（甲基-14 C-硫代）苯基磷酸二甲酯（Allied GC-6506，由Allied Chemical Co.，纽约，NY）。还从14 C标记的GC-6506合成了解毒主要产物II [对-（甲磺酰基）苯基磷酸甲酯]、III [对-（甲磺酰基）苯酚]和IV [; 3-（对-（甲磺酰基）-苯基）-D-葡萄糖苷]的放射性标记制剂（Wendel和Bull，1970; Bull和Stokes，1970），用作分析标准品。14 C-标记的艾氏剂（52 mCi/mmol）和所有其他化学品以可从不同的商业公司获得的最佳等级获得。
The extensive use of methyl parathion to control cotton pests in certain regions of Texas, Mexico, and Central America has apparently led to the development of resistance to that and other organophosphorus (OP) insecti-cides in field populations of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.)(Adkisson, 1969; Nemec and Adkisson, 1969). This important pest was already highly resistant to organochlorine and carbamate insecticides (Adkisson, 1968) and now the appearance of OP-resistancehas forced the curtailment of cotton production in certain areas and threatens others because economic control no longer can be achieved with the present chemicals (Adkisson, 1969). Preliminary studies with susceptible (S) and OP-resistant (R) strains of tobacco budworms indicated that resistance was related to an increased capacity for detoxification in R insects (Whitten and Bull, 1970). We therefore compared certain mechanisms implicated in the metabolism of insecticides in R and S tobacco budworms and assessed their relative importance in the development of OP-resistance.EXPERIMENTAL Chemicals. Mostof thestudies of metabolism were made with radio-labeled (5 mCi per mmol) GC-6506-sulfone [I; dimethyl p-(methyl-14C-sulfonyl) phenyl phosphate] prepared by the chemical oxidation (Wendeland Bull, 1970) of dimethyl p-(methyl-14C-thio) phenyl phosphate (Allied GC-6506, sup-plied by Allied Chemical Co., New York, NY). Radio-labeled preparations of the principal products of detoxifica-tion, II [methyl p-(methylsulfonyl) phenyl phosphate], III [p-(methylsulfonyl) phenol], and IV [; 3-(p-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl)-D-glucoside] were also synthesized (Wendel and Bull, 1970; Bull andStokes, 1970) from the 14C-labeled GC-6506 for use as analytical standards. The 14C-labeled aldrin (52 mCi per mmol) and all other chemicals were obtained in the best grade available from different commercial