Esophageal responses to transient and sustained esophageal distension.
Esophageal responses to transient and sustained esophageal distension.
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食管对短暂和持续食管扩张的反应。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.1988.255.5.g587
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Goyal,RK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paterson,WG;Rattan,S;Goyal,RK
在α-氯醛糖麻醉的负鼠中使用管腔内测压法，将食管远端和下食管括约肌对长时间食管中段球囊扩张的反应与由单一短暂扩张、迷走神经传出刺激和吞咽引起的反应进行比较。球囊扩张引起括约肌松弛，在小体积期间恢复，但在大体积延长扩张期间持续。在长时间扩张期间，食管体是静止的或表现出非蠕动性收缩。球囊放气引起非蠕动性食管和括约肌收缩以及进一步的括约肌松弛。对长时间大体积和小体积球囊扩张的反应分别类似于高频和低频迷走神经传出刺激引起的反应。然而，迷走神经刺激的收缩与球囊扩张没有看到，阿托品没有修改兴奋性反应发生在长期扩张期间或之后。虽然短暂的扩张引起食管蠕动收缩，但蠕动速度快于吞咽引起的收缩。在短暂扩张时，阿托品延长了中段而非远端平滑肌段的收缩潜伏期，从而增加了蠕动速度。这些研究表明，1）食管扩张引起广泛的下食管括约肌和食管体反应，2）胆碱能神经元在扩张球囊下方的远端食管环形肌的扩张诱导反应中发挥的作用最小。
With the use of intraluminal manometry in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized opossums, distal esophageal and lower esophageal sphincter responses to prolonged midesophageal balloon distension were compared with those evoked by single transient distensions, vagal efferent stimulation, and swallowing. Balloon inflation caused sphincteric relaxation that recovered during small volume but persisted during large volume-prolonged distension. The esophageal body was either quiescent or exhibited nonperistaltic contractions during prolonged distension. Balloon deflation induced non-peristaltic esophageal and sphincteric contractions as well as further sphincter relaxation. Responses to prolonged large and small volume balloon distension resembled those evoked by high- and low-frequency vagal efferent stimulation, respectively. However, vagal-stimulated "on" contractions were not seen with balloon distension, and atropine did not modify excitatory responses occurring during or after prolonged distension. Although transient distension induced peristaltic esophageal contractions, the peristaltic velocity was faster than swallow-induced peristalsis. With transient distension, atropine prolonged the latency to contraction in the mid but not the distal smooth muscle segment and thus increased peristaltic velocity. These studies demonstrate that 1) esophageal distension evokes a wide spectrum of lower esophageal sphincter and esophageal body response, and 2) cholinergic neurons play a minimal role in distension-induced responses of the distal esophageal circular muscle below the distending balloon.