Effects of Aegilops crassa cytoplasm on the agronomic characters in photoperiod-sensitive CMS wheat lines and F1 hybrids
Effects of Aegilops crassa cytoplasm on the agronomic characters in photoperiod-sensitive CMS wheat lines and F1 hybrids
复制标题
粗山羊草细胞质对光敏感CMS小麦系及F1杂种农艺性状的影响
DOI：
10.1270/jsbbs1951.47.321
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
K. Murai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Murai
粗厚山羊草（Aegilops crassa）细胞质引起日本普通小麦（Triticum aestivum）的光敏感导入细胞质雄性不育（PCMS）。crassa细胞质在长日照条件下（≥ 15 h光照）几乎完全雄性不育，而在短日照条件下（≤ 14.5h光照）高度雄性可育。利用PCMS进行杂交小麦生产，可建立一个“两系法”。研究Ae的影响。crassa细胞质对PCMS系和F_1农艺性状的影响;在短日照条件下（日本兵库县加塞的自然条件下），将crassa细胞质的品系与具有小麦细胞质的相应品系的农艺性状进行比较。在PCMS线中，Ae.粗厚细胞质推迟抽穗期，减少小穗数。PCMS种子出现皱缩的籽粒，导致容重和发芽率下降。虽然Ae。crassa细胞质降低了PCMS系自交和自由授粉种子的育性，平均69%的自由授粉种子育性表明，在加塞的自然条件下，PCMS系可以通过自花授粉来维持。在F1杂种中，自交和自由授粉的种子受精力也降低了Ae的影响。厚质细胞质。结实率降低导致单株粒数和粒重下降，但千粒重增加。细胞质对杂种F1代种子容重无显著影响，说明Ae对杂种F1代种子无严重毒害作用。粗厚细胞质对籽粒品质的影响。尽管种子育性降低，但F_1与Ae. Crassa细胞质显示出平均14%的杂种优势，超过具有小麦细胞质的母本和父本的中亲值。相关分析表明，与千粒重相比，单株粒重与单株穗数和单株粒数的相关性更强。crassa和小麦细胞质。
Aegilops crassa cytoplasm causes photoperiod-sensitive Introductron cytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS) to some Japanese common wheat (Triticum aestivum ) cultivars: the PCMS line with the Ae. crassa cytoplasm is almost completely male sterile under long-day conditions (≥l5 h light period), but highly male fertile under short-day conditions (≤14.5 h). Using the PCMS, a “two-line systerm” is applicable for hybrid wheat production. To examine the effects of Ae. crassa cytoplasm on the agronomic characters in the PCMS Iines and F1 hybrids, five PCMS Iines and 23 F1 hybrids with the Ae. crassa cytoplasm were compared their agronomic characters to the corresponding lines with the wheat cytoplasm under a short-day condition (natural condition at Kasai, Hyogo, Japan). In the PCMS Iines, the Ae. crassa cytoplasm delayed heading date and reduced spikelet number/ear. Shriveled kernels were found in the PCMS seeds, resulting in decreased volume weight and germination rate. Although the Ae. crassa cytoplasm reduced selfed and open-pollinated seed fertilities in the PCMS Iines, the averaged 69 % open-pollinated seed fertility indicates that the PCMS Iines can be maintained by self-pollination under the natural condition at Kasai. In the F1 hybrids, selfed and open-pollinated seed fertilities were also reduced by the effect of Ae. crassa cytoplasm. The reduced seed fertility resulted in decreased grain numberlear and grain weight/plant, but increased 1, 000-grain weight. No significant effect of the cytoplasm was detected on volume weight of the seeds produced by the F1 hybrids, suggesting no seriously deleterious effects of Ae. crassa cytoplasm on the grain quality. In spite of reduced seed fertility, the F1 hybrids with the Ae. crassa cytoplasm showed on the average 14 % heterosis for grain weight/plant over the mid-parent value of the female and male parents with the wheat cytoplasm. Correlation analysis revealed that grain weight/plant was more strongly related with the ear number/plant and grain numberlear than the 1, 000-grain weight in both F1 hybrids with the Ae. crassa and wheat cytoplasm.