Neural systems underlying reward cue processing in early adolescence: The role of puberty and pubertal hormones
Neural systems underlying reward cue processing in early adolescence: The role of puberty and pubertal hormones
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.12.016
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Dahl, Ronald E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ladouceur, Cecile D.;Kerestes, Rebecca;Dahl, Ronald E.
情感神经科学研究表明，青少年时期奖励回路的成熟变化为新的学习提供了机会，但也可能导致抑郁症和药物滥用等精神疾病的脆弱性增加。动物模型和人类神经影像学的基础研究在理解青春期奖赏回路的正常发展方面取得了进展，然而，很少有功能性神经影像学研究研究探讨了青春期对该回路功能的影响。本研究的目的是通过检查纹状体激活和皮质-纹状体功能连接到预测即将到来的奖励的线索的程度与青春期状态和青春期激素（脱氢表雄酮，睾酮，雌二醇）水平呈正相关来解决这一差距。参与者包括79名青少年（10-13奥尔兹; 47名女孩）不同的青春期状态，他们在功能磁共振成像过程中执行了一项新的奖励线索处理任务。使用基于坦纳分期（自我报告和临床评估）和青春期发育量表评分的性别特异性标准化复合指标评估青春期成熟。计算这些综合指标，以分别反映男孩和女孩的总体青春期成熟以及肾上腺和性腺轴的成熟。循环青春期激素的基础水平测定使用免疫测定法从三个样本收集每周觉醒后，在三个星期的时间。结果表明，更大的纹状体激活和功能之间的连接核（NAcc）和内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）奖励线索（与无奖励线索）在这项任务。此外，雌二醇水平较高的女孩显示左尾状核和右尾状核的激活减少，NAc-壳核连接增加。睾酮水平较高的女孩表现出更大的NAcc与前扣带皮层和前扣带皮层的连接。在男孩中没有显著的关联。研究结果表明，皮质纹状体区域的激活和连接模式与奖励线索处理相关，特别是在女孩中。需要进行纵向随访神经影像学研究，以充分表征青春期对这些神经区域发育的特定影响，以及这些变化如何影响青春期的风险或弹性途径。
Affective neuroscience research suggests that maturational changes in reward circuitry during adolescence present opportunities for new learning, but likely also contribute to increases in vulnerability for psychiatric disorders such as depression and substance abuse. Basic research in animal models and human neuroimaging has made progress in understanding the normal development of reward circuitry in adolescence, yet, few functional neuroimaging studies have examined puberty-related influences on the functioning of this circuitry. The goal of this study was to address this gap by examining the extent to which striatal activation and cortico-striatal functional connectivity to cues predicting upcoming rewards would be positively associated with pubertal status and levels of pubertal hormones (dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, estradiol). Participants included 79 adolescents (10-13 year olds; 47 girls) varying in pubertal status who performed a novel reward cue processing task during fMRI. Pubertal maturation was assessed using sex-specific standardized composite measures based on Tanner staging (self-report and clinical assessment) and scores from the Pubertal Development Scale. These composite measures were computed to index overall pubertal maturation as well as maturation of the adrenal and gonadal axes separately for boys and girls. Basal levels of circulating pubertal hormones were measured using immunoassays from three samples collected weekly upon awakening across a three-week period. Results indicated greater striatal activation and functional connectivity between nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to reward cue (vs. no reward cue) on this task. Also, girls with higher levels of estradiol showed reduced activation in left and right caudate and greater NAcc-putamen connectivity. Girls with higher levels of testosterone showed greater NAcc connectivity with the anterior cingulate cortex and the insula. There were no significant associations in boys. Findings suggest that patterns of activation and connectivity in corticostriatal regions are associated with reward cue processing, particularly in girls. Longitudinal follow-up neuroimaging studies are needed to fully characterize puberty-specific effects on the development of these neural regions and how such changes may contribute to pathways of risk or resilience in adolescence.