Liver X receptors and atherosclerosis: it is not all cholesterol.
Liver X receptors and atherosclerosis: it is not all cholesterol.
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肝脏X受体与动脉粥样硬化：不全是胆固醇。
DOI：
10.1161/atvbaha.113.302987
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schulman,IraG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ignatova,IrenaD;Schulman,IraG
动脉粥样硬化发展中的一个关键事件是巨噬细胞重新聚集到血管壁的下层上皮层，并不受控制地摄取氧化/修饰的胆固醇。巨噬细胞不断积累氧化/修饰的胆固醇和相关的炎症反应，导致泡沫细胞的形成和动脉粥样硬化的启动。1逆转巨噬细胞胆固醇聚集的过程和抑制血管壁炎症已被认为是治疗动脉粥样硬化的潜在新方法；然而，除了注射形式的载脂蛋白A1外，2没有促进巨噬细胞胆固醇外流或抑制炎症的药物已在临床上被证实用于心血管疾病的治疗。肝X受体(LxRα和LxRβ)是配体激活的核激素受体超家族成员，在转录水平上调节巨噬细胞胆固醇流出，发挥抗炎作用，是治疗动脉粥样硬化的有效药物靶点。3.
A critical event in the development of atherosclerosis is the recruitment of macrophages to the underlying epithelial layer of blood vessel walls and the uncontrolled uptake of oxidized/modified cholesterol. Continued accumulation of oxidized/modified cholesterol by macrophages and an associated inflammatory response leads to foam cell formation and the initiation of atherosclerosis. 1 Reversing the process of macrophage cholesterol accumulation and inhibiting inflammation in the blood vessel wall have been held out as potential novel treatments for atherosclerosis; however, other than injectable forms of apolipoprotein A1, 2 no drugs that either enhance macrophage cholesterol efflux or inhibit inflammation have been validated in the clinic for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. The liver X receptors (LXRα and LXRβ), members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors, are promising drug targets for treating atherosclerosis because they regulate cholesterol efflux from macrophages at the transcriptional level and exert anti-inflammatory activity. 3