The skeleton of a straight-tusked elephant, Palaeoloxodon antiquus (Falconer and Cautley, 1847) from Selsey, England, and growth and variation in Palaeoloxodon of the European Pleistocene
The skeleton of a straight-tusked elephant, Palaeoloxodon antiquus (Falconer and Cautley, 1847) from Selsey, England, and growth and variation in Palaeoloxodon of the European Pleistocene
复制标题
来自英国塞尔西的直牙象古象古象的骨骼（Falconer 和 Cautley，1847 年）以及欧洲更新世古象象的生长和变异
DOI：
10.1002/jqs.3277
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Erkek E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Erkek E
1961年在英国苏塞克斯塞尔西海滩出土的一具直齿象（古古古象）的部分骨骼是欧洲约240-200 ka海洋同位素阶段7 （MIS 7）中为数不多的化石之一。牙齿形态测量学，包括X射线微计算机断层扫描，证实了物种的识别。通过牙齿磨损和骨骼形态确定年龄，通过骨盆解剖和体型测量确定性别，共同确定个体为约30岁的女性，活肩高约3米，体重约5吨。牙齿介观磨损表明混合饲料中含有相当比例的草，表明在以森林为主的环境中选择性进食。尽管埋藏学的结论受到挖掘性质的限制，但对107个已恢复的骨骼元素的鉴定表明，主要保存了动物的右侧，这表明动物在浅的、缓慢流动的淡水环境中死亡或埋葬在右侧，其他元素可能被清除或腐烂。将Selsey的数据与来自欧洲各地的29具比较骨骼相结合，我们证明了骨盆比例在确定性别方面的有效性，并提供了该物种雄性和雌性变异和生长速度的图形表示。
A partial skeleton of straight‐tusked elephant (Palaeoloxodon antiquus) excavated at Selsey beach (Sussex, UK) in 1961 is one of very few from Marine Isotope Stage 7 (MIS 7), ca. 240–200 ka, in Europe. Dental morphometrics, including X‐ray micro‐computed tomography, confirms the species identification. Age determination through dental wear and skeletal morphology, sex determination through pelvic anatomy, and body‐size measurements, together identify the individual as a female of approximately 30 years old with a live shoulder height of ca. 3 m and a body mass of ca. 5 t. Dental mesowear indicates mixed feeding with a significant proportion of grass, indicating selective feeding in a predominately forested environment. Although taphonomic conclusions are limited by the nature of the excavation, identification of 107 recovered skeletal elements indicates predominant preservation of the right side of the animal, suggesting death or burial on the right side in a shallow, slow‐moving freshwater environment, with possible removal of other elements by scavenging or decay. Combining the Selsey data with 29 comparative skeletons from across Europe, we demonstrate the validity of pelvic proportions for determining sex and provide a graphical representation of variation and growth rate in males and females of this species.