Impairment of odor recognition in Parkinson's disease caused by weak activations of the orbitofrontal cortex
Impairment of odor recognition in Parkinson's disease caused by weak activations of the orbitofrontal cortex
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neulet.2006.10.055
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发表时间：
2007-01-22
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Homma, Ikuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masaoka, Yuri;Yoshimura, Nahoko;Homma, Ikuo
帕金森氏病（PD）患者存在嗅觉功能障碍和嗅觉脑结构异常，许多研究报道嗅觉功能障碍是由中枢嗅觉系统异常引起的。我们之前在检测和识别气味时同时分析了正常受试者的脑电图和呼吸。我们确定了呼吸模式对气味刺激的反应变化，并发现了吸气锁相α振荡（I-a）。利用脑电偶极示踪方法，在嗅相关区域，包括内嗅皮层、海马、杏仁核和眶额皮质中发现了I-a的起源。在本研究中，我们在PD患者中使用了相同的方案，并将PD的结果与年龄匹配的对照组进行了比较。所有PD患者都检测到气味，但10人中有5人表现出气味识别受损。在PD患者中未观察到暴露于气味刺激时与情绪变化相关的呼吸模式变化。未观察到I-a波形；然而，在灵感开始后约100 ms，发现了正波之后的负波。该成分的偶极子定位于所有患者用于气味检测的内嗅皮层，以及能够识别气味的PD患者的内嗅皮层和颞中回。PD的气味识别可能是由一个不同于正常受试者的神经回路来完成的，它是通过颞叶关联皮层作为识别气味的子系统来完成的；然而，该系统可能与气味引起的情绪无关。2006爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Olfactory dysfunction and abnormalities of olfactory brain structures are found in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and a number of studies have reported that olfactory dysfunction is caused by abnormalities of the central olfactory systems. We previously analyzed electroencephalograms (EEGs) and respiration simultaneously in normal subjects while testing for detection and recognition of odors. We identified changes in respiration pattern in response to odor stimuli and found inspiratory phase-locked alpha oscillations (I-a). The genesis of I-a were identified in olfactoryrelated areas including the entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, amygdale and orbitofrontal cortex with an EEG dipole tracing method. In the present study, we used the same protocol in PD patients and compared results of PD with those of age-matched controls. All PD patients detected odor, but 5 out of 10 showed impaired odor recognition. Changes in breathing pattern associated with emotional changes during exposure to odor stimuli were not observed in PD patients. I-a waveforms were not observed; however, positive waves followed by negative waves were identified approximately 100 ms after inspiration onset. Dipoles of this component were localized in the entorhinal cortex for odor detection in all patients and in the entorhinal cortex and middle temporal gyrus for PD patients who Could discriminate odors. Odor recognition in PD could be subserved by a different neural circuit from that of normal Subjects, done through the temporal association cortex as a subsystem for recognizing the odor; however, the system may not be associated with the odor-induced emotions. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.