Mediterranean diet adherence during pregnancy and fetal growth: INMA (Spain) and RHEA (Greece) mother-child cohort studies
Mediterranean diet adherence during pregnancy and fetal growth: INMA (Spain) and RHEA (Greece) mother-child cohort studies
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114511002625
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发表时间：
2012-01-14
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Sunyer, Jordi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chatzi, Leda;Mendez, Michelle;Sunyer, Jordi
怀孕期间摄入特定营养素或食物组可能会影响胎儿的生长，但缺乏证据表明饮食模式的影响。本研究的目的是评估在西班牙和希腊的两个基于人群的母婴队列中，妊娠期间坚持地中海饮食（MD）对胎儿生长的影响。我们研究了来自西班牙多中心“INMA”研究（大西洋地区：INMA-Atlantic;地中海地区：INMA-Mediterranean）的2461对母婴，以及来自希腊克里特岛“RHEA”研究的889对母婴。通过FFQ评估妊娠期母体饮食，通过先验评分评估MD依从性。胎儿生长受限基于定制模型，多变量对数二项和线性回归模型用于校正几个混杂因素。MD评分在各组之间存在显著差异，INMA-Atlantic地区的妇女报告鱼类和乳制品摄入量较高，而地中海地区的妇女报告谷物，蔬菜和水果摄入量较高。在INMA-地中海队列中，MD依从性高的妇女分娩胎儿生长受限婴儿的体重风险显著降低（风险比：0.5; 95%CI 0.3，0.9）。吸烟分层分析显示，较高的MD坚持增加吸烟母亲的出生体重和出生身长，而这种影响在非吸烟母亲中并不明显。本研究的结果表明，几种类型的MD存在于整个欧洲地中海地区。高MD依从性可能会改变吸烟对出生大小的不利影响，但饮食的总体影响在本分析的研究中并不普遍。
Dietary intake of specific nutrients or food groups during pregnancy could influence fetal growth, but scant evidence is available on effects of dietary patterns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence during pregnancy on fetal growth in two population-based mother-child cohorts in Spain and Greece. We studied 2461 mother-newborn pairs from the Spanish multi-centre 'INMA' study (Atlantic area: INMA-Atlantic; Mediterranean area: INMA-Mediterranean), and 889 pairs from the 'RHEA' study in Crete, Greece. Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed by FFQ and MD adherence was evaluated through an a priori score. Fetal growth restriction was based on a customised model, and multivariate log-binomial and linear regression models were used to adjust for several confounders. MD scores differ significantly between the cohorts with women in INMA-Atlantic reporting higher intakes of fish and dairy products, while women in the Mediterranean area reported higher intakes of cereals, vegetables and fruits. Women with high MD adherence had a significantly lower risk of delivering a fetal growth-restricted infant for weight (risk ratios: 0.5; 95% CI 0.3, 0.9) in the INMA-Mediterranean cohort. Stratified analysis by smoking revealed that higher MD adherence increased birth weight and birth length in smoking mothers, whereas this effect was not apparent in non-smoking mothers. The results of the present study show that several types of MD exist across European Mediterranean regions. High MD adherence may modify the detrimental effect of smoking on birth size, but overall effects of diet were not universal for the studies in this analysis.